dc.description.abstract | Kuruluşundan itibaren hızla yükselişe geçen Osmanlılar, İstanbul'u fethetmeleriyle bir imparatorluk imajını kazanmaya başladıktan sonra, devletler arası ilişkilerde yön tayin edici olma özelliğini de edindiler. Osmanlıların yükselişine paralel olarak Akdeniz'in en batı ucunda yer alan İspanya Krallığı da, yarımadanın alışılagelmiş bölünmüşlük geleneğinden sıyrılarak, 1469'da birleşti ve uzun vadede, gerek Amerika kıtasına gerekse Akdeniz ve Kuzey Afrika topraklarına nüfuz edebilme imkânı buldu.. Öyle ki, XVI. yüzyılın son yirmi yılına gelindiğinde, her iki imparatorluk da, başka meselelerle uğraşmak için aradaki rekabetten uzaklaşıp, aynı anda kendi kabuklarına çekilmişlerdir.Türk-İspanyol ilişkilerinin başlangıcını geç orta çağlara kadar götürebiliriz. Zira Bizans'ın çağrısıyla Anadoluya gelen Katalan kumpanyası bir süreliğine burada paralı asker olarak görev yapmış ve Batı Anadolu'da Türklere karşı savaşmışlar, ancak daha sonra Mora yarımadasına çekilerek, bir süre daha, ancak bu kez, Türklerle Venediklilere karşı müttefik olmuşlardı.Türk-İspanyol ilişkilerinin bir diğer vechesini de XVI. yüzyıla damgasını vuran İtalyan savaşları oluşturacaktır. Kökenleri, Sicilya ve Napoli Krallıkları üzerinde Fransız-Aragon mücadelelerinin yaşandığı geç ortaçağlara kadar uzanan bu savaşlar XVI. yüzyılda farklı bir istikâmette seyredecektir. Bu savaşların ikinci safhasında, I. Fransuva'nın, Avrupa'nın en büyük gücü olan Habsburglar karşısında sığınacağı tek kapı Osmanlı devleti olmuştur. XVI. yüzyılda fasılalarla sürecek olan bu savaşlara Osmanlılar Fransızların müttefiki olarak katılmakla birlikte, V. Karl'ın İtalya'daki İspanyol mülklerini sürekli tehdit ediyolardı.Son olarak, İspanyolların, yeniden fetih politikasını tamamladıktan sonra nüfuz ettiği bir diğer bölge de Kuzey Afrika toprakları olmuştur. XVI. asrın hemen başlarında bölgedeki stratejik noktaları ele geçirmiş olmaları, gelecekteki Osmanlı-İspanyol ilişkilerinin bir diğer yönünü teşkil edecekti. Barbaros kardeşlerin Cezayir'e yerleştikten sonra, başta İspanyollar olmak üzere, Hıristiyan gemilere verdiği zararlar, Barbaros Hayreddin Paşa'nın Osmanlı himayesine girmesinden sonra da, aynı şekilde, devam edecektir. | |
dc.description.abstract | Ottomans, which, gradually, rised since its foundation, and by the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, began to have image of being an empire, acquiered the feature to take turn in the inter-states relations. They, from the beginning of the 16th century, became the most powerful state in Levant and Mid-Europe. In paralel with the rise of Ottomans, Spanish Monarchy, situated at the extreme western tip of Mediterranean, having left from the customary disunity of Iberian peninsula, was united in 1469, and in the long-run took the opportunity to influence on both America and on Mediterranean and North Africa. And as if the history devoted the 16th century to these two empire for competing each other. Morever, after the last two decades of this century, both empires began to retire into their shell, leaving the rivalry to cope with their own matters.That the relations between Ottomans and Spaniards had reached to peak, does not mean that these two nations had interacted only in the 16th century. The relations between these two empires can, also, be dated back to the later mid-ages. For, by the call-up of Byzantine, the Catalan Company had served as mercanry of Constantinople for a while and wage war against Turks in Western-Anatolia, but, after, this company, retiring to Morean peninsula through Thrace and Greece, had, this time, become ally with Turks against Venetian, which had some possessions in the Agean Sea.Italian Wars, which had set their seal on European History in the 16th formed the other aspect of the Turkish-Spanish relations. The wars, whose origins for the rivalry between French and Aragon over the domination of Sicily and Naples, dated back to the later mid-ages, followed different course in the 16th century. In the second phase of these war, Francis I of France, against Karl V, the most powerful sovereing of Europe, had allied with Suleiman I. The aim of this alliance was to threathen the possessions of Karl V in Italy.Ottomans, which, gradually, rised since its foundation, and by the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, began to have image of being an empire, acquiered the feature to take turn in the inter-states relations. In paralel with the rise of Ottomans, Spanish Monarchy in the long-run took the opportunity to influence on both America and on Mediterranean and North Africa.the Catalan Company had served as mercanry of Constantinople for a while and wage war against Turks in Western-Anatolia, but, after, this company, retiring to Morean peninsula through Thrace and Greece, had, this time, become ally with Turks against Venetian, which had some possessions in the Agean Sea.Italian Wars, which had set their seal on European History in the 16th formed the other aspect of the Turkish-Spanish relations. The wars, whose origins for the rivalry between French and Aragon over the domination of Sicily and Naples, dated back to the later mid-ages, followed different course in the 16th century. In the second phase of these war, Francis I of France, against Karl V, the most powerful sovereing of Europe, had allied with Suleiman I. The aim of this alliance was to threathen the possessions of Karl V in Italy.North-African lands had became the other place, where the Spaniards had penetrated shortly after the reconquest. They laid hold of strategical places in Maghrib, so it was inevitable that they would not interact with Turks. Especially, having took the opportuniy to take hold in Maghrip, Barbarossa brothers were the most ferocious enemies of Spaniards in this region in the first half of the 16th century. | en_US |