Farklı enerji kaynağı yemlere niasin ve üre ilavesinin rumen sıvısı ile kan parametreleri ve rumende kimi besin maddelerinin yıkılımı üzerine etkileri

Abstract

6. ÖZET Bu çalışmada farklı enerji kaynağı yemlerin ve bu yemlere üre ve niasin ilavesinin yem tüketimine, rumen sıvısı pH değerine, uçucu yağ asitlerine konsantrasyonuna, NI-N'una konsantrasyonuna, kan parametrelerine ve naylon kese yöntemiyle rumende yıkılmalarına olan etkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan farklı enerji kaynağı yemler kuru seker pancar posası ve tapioka grubu yemlerinden oluşturularak 2 deneme halinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma 4x4 latin kare esas alınarak faktöriyel deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın deneme kısmı 14'er günlük 8 dönem halinde 112 günde tamamlanmıştır. Bu amaçla rumen fistülü takılmış 4 bas Akkaraman erkek toklusu kullanılmıştır. Kuru seker pancar posası grubu (Deneme I) kontrol (Kont), kuru seker pancar posası (SPP), kuru seker pancar posası+niasin (ŞPP+Ni) ve kuru seker pancar posası+niasin+üre (SPP+Ni+ü)'den oluşan yemlerden oluşmaktadır. Tapioka grubu (Deneme II) ise kontrol (Kont), tapioka (Tap), tapioka + niasîn (Tap+Ni) ve tapioka+niasin+üre (Tap+Ni+ü)'den oluşan yemlerden oluşmaktadır. Kuru seker pancar posası ve tapioka rasyonlara % 50 oranında, üre % 2 oranında ve niasin ise her kg yeme 400 mg düzeyinde katılmıştır. Konsantre yemler hayvanlara ad-libitum olarak verilirken kaba yem olarak kullanılan saman hayvan basına günde 100 g verilmiştir. Kuru seker pancar posası grubunda Kont, SPP, ŞPP+Ni ve SPP+Ni+ü'li yemlerin günlük ortalama tüketimleri sırasıyla 1322.32, 1204.75, 1394.14 ve 1478.50 g bulunmuştur. Kontrol, SPP, SPP+Ni ve SPP+Ni+ü'li yemleri tüketen hayvanların rumen sıvısı ortalama pH değerleri sırasıyla 5.89, 6.48, 6.77 ve 6.50, asetik asit konsantrasyonları 6.68, 6.59, 6.54 ve 7.35 mmol/100 mi, propiyonik asit konsantrasyonları 2.82. 1.64, 1.91 ve 1.90 mmol/100 mi ve bütirik asit konsantrasyonları 1.73, 1.14, 1.09 ve 1.14 mmol/100 mi, rumen sıvısı NH-N'u ortalama konsantrasyonu 24.40, 41.27, 37.48 ve122 2.65 and 2.66 mmol/100 ml; butiric acid concentrations were 0.93, 1,29. 1.29 and 1.67 mmol/100 ml and ammonia-N concen trations were 29.98, 23.08, 22.10 and 24.85 mg/100 ml for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The ef fects of feed groups on the pH of rumen liquid and concentra tions of asetic acid, propionic acid, ammonia-N was statisti cally insignificant (P>0.05). However, the effect of the feeds on the feed consumption and concentration of butiric acid was found statistical significant (P<0.01). Asetic acid ratios in totat volatile fatty acids were 60.80 %, 60.72 %, 56.52 % and 56. 56 % respectively. Addition- naly, ratios of propionic and butyric acid in totatal vola tile fatty acids were found as 27.58 %, 25.07 %r 29.04 % and 26.30 % ; 10.83 %, 14.00 %, 14.54 % and 16.71 % for Cont, Tap» Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The effect of feeds on those concentration ratios was significant (P<0.05). Blood parameters of animals consumed the feed of te experiment II were obtained as the following, 7.13. 7.25, 7.31 and 7.44 g/dl for serum protein, 101.00, 102.88, 110.81 and 102.63 mg/dl for serum glicose and 41.25, 43.98, 43.65 and 50.36 mg/dl for serum urea for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. Level of the effectiuness of feeds was insignificant for totalserum protein and serum glucose (P>0.05) and significant for serum urea (P<0.05).. Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were 77.20 %, 75.63 %, 78.57 % and 79.40 % for dry matter and 81.70 %, 61.80 %, 69.41 % and 84.04 %? for crude protein for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds re spectively. In terms of degradations, differences in feed groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).121 Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U` feeds respectively. The ef fects of feed groups on the concentration of acetic acid of rumen liquid was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Howev er, the effect of the feeds on the feed consumption, pH of rumen liquid and concentrations of propionic acid, butyric acid,ammonia-N was found statistical significant (P<0.05). Asetic acid ratios in totat volatile fatty acids were 58.21 %. 70.71 %, 68.71 % and 68.49 % respectively. Addition- naly» ratios of propionic and butyric acid in totatal vola tile fatty acids were found as 25.05 %, 17.22 %, 19.88 % and 17.56 % ; 17.19 %, 12.13 %, 11.51 % and 13.95 % for Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U feeds respectively. The effect of feeds on those concentration ratios was significant (P<0.01). Blood parameters of animals consumed the feed of te experiment I were obtained as the following; 7.75, 7.71, 7.49 and 7.54 g/dl for serum protein, 89.81, 90.63, 91.44 and 85.81 mg/dl for serum glicose and 41.75, 39.25, 34.69 and 47.38 mg/dl for serum urea for Cont, SBP» SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni- +U feeds respectively. Level of the effectiuness of feeds was insignificant for totalserum protein (P>0.05) and significant for serum glicose and urea (P<0.05). Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were 77.89 %, 78.35 %, 79.05 % and 81.10 % for dry matter and 82.26 %, 74.01 %, 75.01 % and 91.25 % for crude protein for Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U feeds respectively. In terms of degrada tions, differences in feed groups were statistically signifi cant (P<0.01). Daily average feed consumption was found as 1432.20, 1439.68, 1520.38 and 1347.84 g for feed groups of the experi ment II respectively. For the rumen liquid of animals consumed the same feed groups; average pH values were 5.84, 5.80, 5.78 and 5.82 ; acetik acidconcentrations were 5.09, 5.60, 5.45 and 5,68 mmol/100 ml; propionic acid concentrations were 2.28» 2.26,

122 2.65 and 2.66 mmol/100 ml; butiric acid concentrations were 0.93, 1,29. 1.29 and 1.67 mmol/100 ml and ammonia-N concen trations were 29.98, 23.08, 22.10 and 24.85 mg/100 ml for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The ef fects of feed groups on the pH of rumen liquid and concentra tions of asetic acid, propionic acid, ammonia-N was statisti cally insignificant (P>0.05). However, the effect of the feeds on the feed consumption and concentration of butiric acid was found statistical significant (P<0.01). Asetic acid ratios in totat volatile fatty acids were 60.80 %, 60.72 %, 56.52 % and 56. 56 % respectively. Addition- naly, ratios of propionic and butyric acid in totatal vola tile fatty acids were found as 27.58 %, 25.07 %r 29.04 % and 26.30 % ; 10.83 %, 14.00 %, 14.54 % and 16.71 % for Cont, Tap» Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The effect of feeds on those concentration ratios was significant (P<0.05). Blood parameters of animals consumed the feed of te experiment II were obtained as the following, 7.13. 7.25, 7.31 and 7.44 g/dl for serum protein, 101.00, 102.88, 110.81 and 102.63 mg/dl for serum glicose and 41.25, 43.98, 43.65 and 50.36 mg/dl for serum urea for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. Level of the effectiuness of feeds was insignificant for totalserum protein and serum glucose (P>0.05) and significant for serum urea (P<0.05).. Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were 77.20 %, 75.63 %, 78.57 % and 79.40 % for dry matter and 81.70 %, 61.80 %, 69.41 % and 84.04 %? for crude protein for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds re spectively. In terms of degradations, differences in feed groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).121 Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U` feeds respectively. The ef fects of feed groups on the concentration of acetic acid of rumen liquid was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Howev er, the effect of the feeds on the feed consumption, pH of rumen liquid and concentrations of propionic acid, butyric acid,ammonia-N was found statistical significant (P<0.05). Asetic acid ratios in totat volatile fatty acids were 58.21 %. 70.71 %, 68.71 % and 68.49 % respectively. Addition- naly» ratios of propionic and butyric acid in totatal vola tile fatty acids were found as 25.05 %, 17.22 %, 19.88 % and 17.56 % ; 17.19 %, 12.13 %, 11.51 % and 13.95 % for Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U feeds respectively. The effect of feeds on those concentration ratios was significant (P<0.01). Blood parameters of animals consumed the feed of te experiment I were obtained as the following; 7.75, 7.71, 7.49 and 7.54 g/dl for serum protein, 89.81, 90.63, 91.44 and 85.81 mg/dl for serum glicose and 41.75, 39.25, 34.69 and 47.38 mg/dl for serum urea for Cont, SBP» SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni- +U feeds respectively. Level of the effectiuness of feeds was insignificant for totalserum protein (P>0.05) and significant for serum glicose and urea (P<0.05). Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were 77.89 %, 78.35 %, 79.05 % and 81.10 % for dry matter and 82.26 %, 74.01 %, 75.01 % and 91.25 % for crude protein for Cont, SBP, SBP+Ni and SBP+Ni+U feeds respectively. In terms of degrada tions, differences in feed groups were statistically signifi cant (P<0.01). Daily average feed consumption was found as 1432.20, 1439.68, 1520.38 and 1347.84 g for feed groups of the experi ment II respectively. For the rumen liquid of animals consumed the same feed groups; average pH values were 5.84, 5.80, 5.78 and 5.82 ; acetik acidconcentrations were 5.09, 5.60, 5.45 and 5,68 mmol/100 ml; propionic acid concentrations were 2.28» 2.26,122 2.65 and 2.66 mmol/100 ml; butiric acid concentrations were 0.93, 1,29. 1.29 and 1.67 mmol/100 ml and ammonia-N concen trations were 29.98, 23.08, 22.10 and 24.85 mg/100 ml for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The ef fects of feed groups on the pH of rumen liquid and concentra tions of asetic acid, propionic acid, ammonia-N was statisti cally insignificant (P>0.05). However, the effect of the feeds on the feed consumption and concentration of butiric acid was found statistical significant (P<0.01). Asetic acid ratios in totat volatile fatty acids were 60.80 %, 60.72 %, 56.52 % and 56. 56 % respectively. Addition- naly, ratios of propionic and butyric acid in totatal vola tile fatty acids were found as 27.58 %, 25.07 %r 29.04 % and 26.30 % ; 10.83 %, 14.00 %, 14.54 % and 16.71 % for Cont, Tap» Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. The effect of feeds on those concentration ratios was significant (P<0.05). Blood parameters of animals consumed the feed of te experiment II were obtained as the following, 7.13. 7.25, 7.31 and 7.44 g/dl for serum protein, 101.00, 102.88, 110.81 and 102.63 mg/dl for serum glicose and 41.25, 43.98, 43.65 and 50.36 mg/dl for serum urea for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds respectively. Level of the effectiuness of feeds was insignificant for totalserum protein and serum glucose (P>0.05) and significant for serum urea (P<0.05).. Degradations by naylon bag method of the same feeds in rumen in 48 hours were 77.20 %, 75.63 %, 78.57 % and 79.40 % for dry matter and 81.70 %, 61.80 %, 69.41 % and 84.04 %? for crude protein for Cont, Tap, Tap+Ni and Tap+Ni+U feeds re spectively. In terms of degradations, differences in feed groups were statistically significant (P<0.01).