Farklı boydaki hibrit ayçiçeği çeşitlerinde verim ve verim unsurları üzerinde araştırmalar

Abstract

-V- SUMMARY Ph. D. Thesis THE RESEARCH ON THE YIELD AND 7IELD COMPONENTS OF THE DIFFERENT HEIGHT SUNFLOWER HYBRID VARIETIES Sami SÜZER, M.SC. Thrace Agricultural Research Institute Deparment of Agronomy Head of Agronomy Thrace university Graduate School of Natural and Applied sciences Department of Agronomy Supervisor: Prof. Dr. İbrahim ATAKÎŞÎ 1993, Page: 146 Jury: Prof. Dr. İbrahim ATAKÎŞÎ Prof. Dr. Metin turan Prof. Dr. Kayihan 2. KORKUT This study was carried out to determine yield and yield components of four different height sunflower ( He 1 i an thus annuus L.) hybrid varieties in three plant population at Thrace Agricultural Research institute, EDÎRNE, for 2 years in 1991 and 1992. The experiment was set up in a split plot arrangement in RCBD with four replications. The different height sunflower hybrids used in the experiments were two semidwarf hybrids Sunbred-265 and DO-855, standard height Trakya-259 and tall hybrid Tordillo. The plant population used in the experiments were high plant population with 7143 plants/da (70x20 cm), normal plant population with 4762 plants/da (70x30 cm) and low plant population 3571 plants/da (70x40 cm). Mean values of seed yield and its components with phenological and quality characteristics of budding stage, flowering stage, physiological maturity stage, plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, leaf number, seed yield/da, seed yield/head, seed number/head, volume veight, 1000 seed weight, husk ratio, oil content and oil yield/da were determined in every plots and analysed using ANOVA. Correlation coefficients were calculated among each characters. Following results are given according to the average of two-year results. The semidwarf hybrids reached budding and flowering stages 3 days earlier than the standard height and tall hybrids. Physiological maturity of semidwarf hybrids was found as approximately 2-4 days earlier than standard height hybrid, and 7-9 days earlier than tall hybrid. The budding stage of normal and low plant population of-VI- four hybrids was found as 1 - 2 days earlier than high plant population. stem and head diameter of four sunflower hybrids in the. high plant population were found as 0.3 and 1. 9 cm smaller than in the normal plant population, and 0.6 and 3.9 cm smaller than in the low plant population, respectively. There were negative and significant correlations between plant population and stem diameter (r= - 458*`), and plant population and head diameter (r= -719*'*). The plant height in high plant population was found as 5 and 8 cm taller than in the normal and in the low plant population, respectively. The tall hybrid gave 13 to 17 % more seed yield/da than the semidwarf and standard height sunflower hybrids, respectively. Specifically, the semidwarf hybrids gave 8.4 and 18.8. % more seed yield in the high plant population than in the normal plant population and in the low plant population, respectively. On the other hand, standard height and tall hybrid varieties gave 5.6 and 13.8 % more seed yield in the normal plant population than in the high and low plant population, respectively. Seed number and seed yield of single head in low plant population were 55 to 82 % higher than in the high plant population and 14 to 22 % higher than in the normal plant population, respectively, in addition, there were negative and significant correlations between plant population and number of seeds per head (r= - 625**), and single head seed yield (r= - 820**). Seed husk ratio and 1000 seed weight in low plant population were 6 to 18 % higher than in the high plant population and 3 to 7 % higher than in the normal plant population, respectively. However, volume weight of all hybrids increased gradually approximately 5.2 % by increasing the plant population from low to high. The oil content and oil yield/da of four hybrids increased gradually approximately 3.8 to 12.4 % by increasing plant population from low to high, respectively. Besides, there were significant correlations between plant population and the oil content (r= 234*), and oil yield/da (r= 260**). As a result, for semidwarf hybrid varieties, high plant population 7143 plants/da (70X20 cm) was found the most suitable for high seed yield and oil yield per decare. However, for standard height and tall hybrid varieties, normal plant population 4762 plants/da (70x30 cm) was determined the most suitable for high seed yield and oil yield per decare. KEY WORDS: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), semidwarf, standard height, tall, plant population, budding stage, flowering stage, physiological maturity stage, plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, leaf number, seed yield/da, seed yield/head, seed number/head, volume veight, 1000 seed weight, husk ratio, oil content and oil yield/da.

-V- SUMMARY Ph. D. Thesis THE RESEARCH ON THE YIELD AND 7IELD COMPONENTS OF THE DIFFERENT HEIGHT SUNFLOWER HYBRID VARIETIES Sami SÜZER, M.SC. Thrace Agricultural Research Institute Deparment of Agronomy Head of Agronomy Thrace university Graduate School of Natural and Applied sciences Department of Agronomy Supervisor: Prof. Dr. İbrahim ATAKÎŞÎ 1993, Page: 146 Jury: Prof. Dr. İbrahim ATAKÎŞÎ Prof. Dr. Metin turan Prof. Dr. Kayihan 2. KORKUT This study was carried out to determine yield and yield components of four different height sunflower ( He 1 i an thus annuus L.) hybrid varieties in three plant population at Thrace Agricultural Research institute, EDÎRNE, for 2 years in 1991 and 1992. The experiment was set up in a split plot arrangement in RCBD with four replications. The different height sunflower hybrids used in the experiments were two semidwarf hybrids Sunbred-265 and DO-855, standard height Trakya-259 and tall hybrid Tordillo. The plant population used in the experiments were high plant population with 7143 plants/da (70x20 cm), normal plant population with 4762 plants/da (70x30 cm) and low plant population 3571 plants/da (70x40 cm). Mean values of seed yield and its components with phenological and quality characteristics of budding stage, flowering stage, physiological maturity stage, plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, leaf number, seed yield/da, seed yield/head, seed number/head, volume veight, 1000 seed weight, husk ratio, oil content and oil yield/da were determined in every plots and analysed using ANOVA. Correlation coefficients were calculated among each characters. Following results are given according to the average of two-year results. The semidwarf hybrids reached budding and flowering stages 3 days earlier than the standard height and tall hybrids. Physiological maturity of semidwarf hybrids was found as approximately 2-4 days earlier than standard height hybrid, and 7-9 days earlier than tall hybrid. The budding stage of normal and low plant population of-VI- four hybrids was found as 1 - 2 days earlier than high plant population. stem and head diameter of four sunflower hybrids in the. high plant population were found as 0.3 and 1. 9 cm smaller than in the normal plant population, and 0.6 and 3.9 cm smaller than in the low plant population, respectively. There were negative and significant correlations between plant population and stem diameter (r= - 458*`), and plant population and head diameter (r= -719*'*). The plant height in high plant population was found as 5 and 8 cm taller than in the normal and in the low plant population, respectively. The tall hybrid gave 13 to 17 % more seed yield/da than the semidwarf and standard height sunflower hybrids, respectively. Specifically, the semidwarf hybrids gave 8.4 and 18.8. % more seed yield in the high plant population than in the normal plant population and in the low plant population, respectively. On the other hand, standard height and tall hybrid varieties gave 5.6 and 13.8 % more seed yield in the normal plant population than in the high and low plant population, respectively. Seed number and seed yield of single head in low plant population were 55 to 82 % higher than in the high plant population and 14 to 22 % higher than in the normal plant population, respectively, in addition, there were negative and significant correlations between plant population and number of seeds per head (r= - 625**), and single head seed yield (r= - 820**). Seed husk ratio and 1000 seed weight in low plant population were 6 to 18 % higher than in the high plant population and 3 to 7 % higher than in the normal plant population, respectively. However, volume weight of all hybrids increased gradually approximately 5.2 % by increasing the plant population from low to high. The oil content and oil yield/da of four hybrids increased gradually approximately 3.8 to 12.4 % by increasing plant population from low to high, respectively. Besides, there were significant correlations between plant population and the oil content (r= 234*), and oil yield/da (r= 260**). As a result, for semidwarf hybrid varieties, high plant population 7143 plants/da (70X20 cm) was found the most suitable for high seed yield and oil yield per decare. However, for standard height and tall hybrid varieties, normal plant population 4762 plants/da (70x30 cm) was determined the most suitable for high seed yield and oil yield per decare. KEY WORDS: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), semidwarf, standard height, tall, plant population, budding stage, flowering stage, physiological maturity stage, plant height, head diameter, stem diameter, leaf number, seed yield/da, seed yield/head, seed number/head, volume veight, 1000 seed weight, husk ratio, oil content and oil yield/da.