Bursa ve civarında yetişen bazı makrofunguslar üzerinde taksonomik araştırmalar
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Abstract
Bu araştırmada Bursa ili sınırları içersinde 1987-1989 yıllarında özellikle ilkbahar ve sonbahar aylarında 483 makrofungus örneği toplanmıştır. Arazi çalış¬maları sırasında habitatlannda renkli fotoğrafları alınıp morfolojik ve ekolojik özellikleri ve yöre halkından alman bilgiler kaydedilmiştir. Makrofunguslar daha sonra laboratuvara getirilerek sporları incelenmiş ve kurutularak herbaryum örneği haline getirilmiştir. Örneklerin teşhisinde özelliklerden ve literatür bilgilerinden yararlanılmıştır.Yörede araştırma sonucuna göre toplam 24 familyaya ait 72 makrofungus türü belirlenmiştir. Bunlardan 4 takson Pezizales'e, 1 tür Sphaeriales'e, 1 tür Auriculariales'e, 1 tür Hymenogastrales'e, 5 tür Lycoperdales'e, 37 tür Agaricales' e, 23 tür de Aphyllophorales'e aittir.Tespit edilen 72 türden 6'sı zehirli (Sanco-ipkatna txLm¿a, LtpLota bnunnto-i.ncan.nata, Amanlta gtmmata, Amanlta mu6canla, Hatmatoloma ¿aécicu- lant, 0mpkalotu6 oltanlu6] 36'ı yenen (Htlve.Ua ltucopu6, Moncktlla to¬ntea, M. cónica var. dtllclo6a, Rklz opogon no6tolu6, Catvatla utnl¿onml6, Lycoptndon ptnlatum, Aganlcuó bltonqul6, Aganlcui camptéttn, Macnoltplota pnoetna, Bolttuó ckny6tnttnon, Sulllu6 bttllniL, Sulituó bovlnu6, Copnlnu6 comatu6, Copnlnu6 mlcactuó, Cknoogompku6 nutLtu6, PaxLHu6 atnotomtntoóué, Uolvonltlla 6ptclo6a, Lactanluó dtilclo6u6, Lactanlu6 dtttnnimu6, Lactanlu6 ¿nttn.mtdi.u6, Lactan.lu6 m¿t¿66imu4, Lactanluó p¿ptnatu6, Ru66ula aunata, Ru66ula dtl.lca, Ru66ula ollvactat, AnmLUanltlia tabtictni, Clltocybt altx- andnl, Cl¿tocybt gtotnopa, Ciitocybt odona, Clltocybt 6quamulo6a, Laccan¿a laccata, Ltp¿6ta nuda, Tn¿ckotoma aunatum, Tn.tc.koZoma ttnntum, Cantkantllu6 ctbantu6, Ramanta ¿lava, 51 i yenmeyen (Gta6tnum 6t66iJ.t, Bovl6ta plumbta, Vl6ct6tda bovl6ta, PaxLílu6 lnvotutu6, Ru66ut.a vLnt6ctni) ve 21'i odun tah¬ripçisi (Valdlnla conctntnlca, Auntculanta mt6tnttntca, PtnLopkona glgan- tta, Bjtnkandtna adu6ta, Contolu6 pubt6ctn6, Contolu6 vtnilcolon, ConLolu6 zonatu6, Fomt6 ¿omtntanluó, Fomltop6l6 pLnLcoia, FunaiLa tnogLL, Ganodtnma applanatum, Ganodtnma iucLdum, Ltnzltt6 bttullna, PktllLnu6 plnl, PktllLnu6 pomactui, PktllLnui nobu6tu6, Phtlllnu* tonulo6u6, Polyponuó ancut.anLu6, Tnamttt6 gLbboóa, Sk¿zopkyllum communt, Sttntum ¿n6¿gnitum) 4'ü hem yenen hem de odun tahripçisi (PkoIlota aunlvtlla, Pltunotui 06tntatu6, Polyponu6 6quamo6u6, Pol.ypon.u6 6ulphuntu6) türler olduğu görülmüştür.Ayrıca Türkiye için 7 tür yeni olarak kaydedilmiştir. Bunlar, Le.pi.ota bKunmo-lnc.an.nata., Lac.tan.Lui dtte.nn.imui, Lac.tani.ui mlti.iiijnui, Ctitocybe. gzotnopa, CZitocybe. o dona., AmanLta gmmata, Tni.choloma aunatum'dıı. In this study, 483 macrofungus samples have been collected from the Bursa province especially on Autum and Spring seasons from 1987 to 1989. During the excursions, coloured photographs of these samples 'have been taken in their habitat, and their morphological, ecological features and knowledge of people on mushrooms have been recorded. Than these macrofungi samples have been car¬ried to Laborotory for searching their spors and have been made herbarium pat¬terns by drying. The identification of samples have been made from these featu¬res and information of literatüres.As a result of this study, 72 macrofungi species from 24 familias have been identified totally. Among of these macrofungi 4 taxons belongs to Pezizales,1 species Auriculariales, 1 species to Hymenogastrales, 5 species to Lycoperdales, 37 species to Agaricales, and 23 species to Aphyllophorales.Among these 72 identificated macrofungi, 6 of them are poisonous, {San- coiphaem exÁmia,Le,plota bnunneo-lncannata, Amanita gmmata, Amanita maic.an.ta, Uaematoloma ¿aiclculane., Omphalotui ole.anlui), 36 of them one edible (He.lve.tla le.ucopui, Moic.heJ.ta cónica, M. cónica var. de.llcloia, Rhlzopogon Koie.ot.ui, Calvatla utKl{)OKmli, Lyc.ope.Kdon pe.Kt.atum, AgaKlcui blton.quli, A. campe.ite.n, UacKole,plota pKoceKa, Boletui cltKyie.nte.Kon, Sultlui be.lllnlL, Sult.lui bovlnui, CopKlnui comatui, CopKlnui mlc.ace.ui, Ch.Koogomph.ui Kutltui, Paxlltui atKotomentoiui, Volvonlella ipzcloia, LactaKlui deZlcloiui, Lacta- Klui deJtKKlmui, LactaKlui lnte.Kme.dlui, LactaKlui mltliilmui, LactaKlui plptKatui, Ruiiuta auKata, Ruiiuta deJXca, Ruiiuta ot.lvace.ae., Amlt.taKle.lta tabe.iczni, ClÁAocybt ate.xandKl, Ctltocybe. ge.otn.opa, Ctltocybe. odona, Cllto- cybe. iquamutoia, Laccanla taccata, Leplita nuda, Tnlcholoma auKatum, TKIC- hotoma te.nne.um, CanthaKettui clbaKlui, RamaKla ¿lava) 5 of them are unedib¬le (Ge.aitKum ie.allc, Bovlita plúmbea, Vliclie.da bovlita, Paxlltui Involu- tui, Ruiiuta vlKtictni) and 21 of them are wood decaying fungi (Valdlnla concmtKlca, AuKlcutaKla me.ie.nte.Klca, Pe.nlophona glgantm, Bje.nkande.Ka aduita, CoKlolui pube.iczni, CoKlolui ve.KilcotoK, COKIOIUÍ zonatui, Fomti fiommtaKlui, Fomltopili pinícola, Funalla tKogJil, Ganodema applanatum, GanodzKma lucldum, Le.nzlte.i betullna, Phe.ll.lnui plnl, Phe.lt.lnui pomaceui, Phe.tt.lnui Kobuitui, PheJJlnui tonuloiui, PolypoKui aKculanlui, Tnametei glbboia, Shlzophyllum commune., Ste.ne.um Inilgnltum) 4 of them are wood de¬caying fungi and also edible (P ho Ilota aunlve.Ha, Ple.unotui oitntatui, Polyponui iquamoiui, Polyponui iulphuntui).In addition the 7 species have been recorded first time for Turkey. The¬se are LtpLota bnunnto-Lncannata, Lac.tan.Lai, dtttnnlmui, Lactanlui mltlaLmui, CtLtocybz gtotnopa, CUtocybz odona, Amanita gtmmata, TnLcholoma aanatum.
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