Amasya ve çevresinde soğan zararlarının yayılışı, zarar düzeyi, bazı biyolojik özellikleri ve bunlarla mücadele olanakları üzerine araştırmalar

Abstract

-49- 5. ÖZET Amasya ve çevresinde Soğan tarımı geniş alanlarda ya._ pı imaktadır. 1990-1992 yıllarında yapılan incelemelerde aşa_ gıda belirtilen zararlıların soğanda sarar yaptıkları be_ 1 iri enmi stir. Bu zararlılar.. Sak-Socran Nematodu, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn), Filipjev (Ty lenchida:Tylenchidae) : Tel Kurtları, Agriotes pi losel lus (Schönherrj, Drasterius sp. (Coieoptera rElateridae) : Yalancı Tel Kurdu, Pedinus sp.(Co_ leoptera rTenebrionidae) ; Bozkurt, Agrotis secretum Schiff. (Lepidoptera :Noctuidae) ; Softan Sineği, Hylemia antigua Merg. (Diptera : Anthomyi idae ) ; Tnrips, Thrips sp. (Tysanoptera :Th- ripidae) : Danaburnu, Gryl lotalpa gryl lotalpa L. (Orthoptera : Gryl lotaipidae ) : Tenthredinidae sp. (Hymenoptera :Tenthredi_ nidae)'dir. Ayrıca A.segetum üzerinde parazit olarak bulu_ nan Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera rBraconıdae) saptanmıştır. Bu zararlılardan öoiavı sopan veriminde düşüşler oi_ makta, dekara verim azalmaktadır.Ayrıca hasat edilen sogan_ lar depoya dayanamamakta ve kalite düşmektedir. Çeşitli za_ rarlıların neden olduğu verim kayıpları genel olarak 1-4 ton/da olarak belirlenmiş olup.özel 1 ikle de nema t od dolayı_ sıyla açılan tarlalar hasat edilmeksizin terkedilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla Amasya ve çevresinde yukarıda sıralanan zararlılar saptanmış, zarar seklileri ve yayılışları beiır._ ienmış, bunlara karsı uygulanan çeşitli mücadele yöntemleri-50- tartısılmıs ve üreticilere önerilerde bulunulmuştur. 6. SUMMARY Onion culture is an extensive crop production in Amasva Province. Preliminary investigation conducted in the period from 1990 to 1992 revealed that important pests reduce the yield of onion significantly. The pests identified in Amasya area are ; Stem and Bulb Nematode. Ditvlenchus dipsaci (Kuhn), Filipjev (Tvlenchida :Ty'iencnidae) ; Wire worms. Aariotes pi losel lus (Scnonherr). Drasterius sp. tColeopterarElateridae) : False wire worm, Pedinus sp. iColeoptera :Tenebrionidae) ; Cut worm Aarotis segetyaa Schiff. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) ; Onion fly. Hvlemia ant i qua Merg. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) : Onion thrips, Thrips sp. (Tysanoptera:Thripidae) : Mole cricket. Gryl lo tal lpa grvl lotal lpa L. (OrthopterarGryl lotalpidae) ; Tenth redinidae sp. (Hymenoptera :Tenthredinidae) On the other hand a species of Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera :Braconidae) was idendified as larval parasite of A^ seaetum. Because of these pests onion yield and quality have been reduced considerably and the harvested onions cannot be stand in storage. It is estimated that loss of yield has increased one or fever tons per decare. especially nematode effected fields have left unharvested. As a result or this study pests were identified as listed above. Their darnaoes on onion ana distribution were

-50- tartısılmıs ve üreticilere önerilerde bulunulmuştur. 6. SUMMARY Onion culture is an extensive crop production in Amasva Province. Preliminary investigation conducted in the period from 1990 to 1992 revealed that important pests reduce the yield of onion significantly. The pests identified in Amasya area are ; Stem and Bulb Nematode. Ditvlenchus dipsaci (Kuhn), Filipjev (Tvlenchida :Ty'iencnidae) ; Wire worms. Aariotes pi losel lus (Scnonherr). Drasterius sp. tColeopterarElateridae) : False wire worm, Pedinus sp. iColeoptera :Tenebrionidae) ; Cut worm Aarotis segetyaa Schiff. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) ; Onion fly. Hvlemia ant i qua Merg. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) : Onion thrips, Thrips sp. (Tysanoptera:Thripidae) : Mole cricket. Gryl lo tal lpa grvl lotal lpa L. (OrthopterarGryl lotalpidae) ; Tenth redinidae sp. (Hymenoptera :Tenthredinidae) On the other hand a species of Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera :Braconidae) was idendified as larval parasite of A^ seaetum. Because of these pests onion yield and quality have been reduced considerably and the harvested onions cannot be stand in storage. It is estimated that loss of yield has increased one or fever tons per decare. especially nematode effected fields have left unharvested. As a result or this study pests were identified as listed above. Their darnaoes on onion ana distribution were-50- tartısılmıs ve üreticilere önerilerde bulunulmuştur. 6. SUMMARY Onion culture is an extensive crop production in Amasva Province. Preliminary investigation conducted in the period from 1990 to 1992 revealed that important pests reduce the yield of onion significantly. The pests identified in Amasya area are ; Stem and Bulb Nematode. Ditvlenchus dipsaci (Kuhn), Filipjev (Tvlenchida :Ty'iencnidae) ; Wire worms. Aariotes pi losel lus (Scnonherr). Drasterius sp. tColeopterarElateridae) : False wire worm, Pedinus sp. iColeoptera :Tenebrionidae) ; Cut worm Aarotis segetyaa Schiff. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) ; Onion fly. Hvlemia ant i qua Merg. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) : Onion thrips, Thrips sp. (Tysanoptera:Thripidae) : Mole cricket. Gryl lo tal lpa grvl lotal lpa L. (OrthopterarGryl lotalpidae) ; Tenth redinidae sp. (Hymenoptera :Tenthredinidae) On the other hand a species of Apanteles sp. (Hymenoptera :Braconidae) was idendified as larval parasite of A^ seaetum. Because of these pests onion yield and quality have been reduced considerably and the harvested onions cannot be stand in storage. It is estimated that loss of yield has increased one or fever tons per decare. especially nematode effected fields have left unharvested. As a result or this study pests were identified as listed above. Their darnaoes on onion ana distribution were