Investigation of specific oncomir MicroRNAs that modify methylation patterns onto effection of prostate cancer

Abstract

Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Although the etiopathogenesis of PCa has not been clearly elucidated, the evidences has been obtained that epigenetic factors have been implicated in the onset and progression of cancer for the last 10 years.Hypermethylation of genes has been shown to be associated with PCa. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a single-stranded, small non-coding molecules containing about 22 nucleotides. miRNA plays a critical role in the genetic pathogenesis of many types of cancer and mostly human cancer types. DNA methylation is known to be involved in cancer formation, progression and metastasis. Thus, DNA hypermethylation in CpG islands is a marker in the early detection of cancer that can be used as an indicator. Epigenetic mechanisms can be used as a marker in the diagnosis of the disease as well as in the treatment process. It is suggested that epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modification may be an effective strategy in the treatment of cancer by targeting. In current thesis, promoter methylation statuses and expression changes ofhsa-mir-192, hsa-mir-512-5p, hsa-miR-513a-2 andhsa-mir-572 were analyzed by methylation specific PCR and real time PCR respectively in prostate cancer tumor tissues. Subsequently, here was shown the gene-specific promoter methylation changes that was generated intumor tissues ofmiRNAs, which were shown to be significant. In this work, the possible tumor suppressor potentials ofmiRNAs have been shown.