Eğitimin yerelleşmesi aracılığıyla yerel birimlerin Türk eğitim sistemine etkileri

Abstract

Bu araĢtırmada, eğitimin yerelleĢmesi aracılığıyla yerel birimlerin Türk EğitimSistemi'ne etkileri incelenmiĢtir. Devletlerin siyasal yapılarının eğitim yönetimlerineetkisi, iyi örneklerin birbirlerinde uygulanabilirliği ve bu kapsamda Türk EğitimSistemi'nin yanı sıra eğitimde yerelleĢme modelini uygulayan değiĢik ülkelerdenkimi örnek uygulamalar incelenmiĢtir.AraĢtırmanın evreni BaĢkent Ankara olup, çalıĢma grubu Mamak, Sincan veYenimahalle Ġlçeleri Endüstri Meslek Liselerinde müdür, öğretmen ve eğitimmüfettiĢlerinden oluĢan on beĢ eğitmenden oluĢturmuĢtur.Bulgulara bakıldığında; eğitimin yerelleĢmesi konusunda uygulamacılarda güçlü biristeğin bulunduğu, bununla birlikte eğitimin yerelleĢmesinin sakıncalarının davurgulandığı görülmektedir. Özellikle yerel birimlerdeki yetkilerin kötüyekullanılması konusunda ülkemizde yaĢanan kötü örneklerin endiĢe yarattığıgözlenmiĢtir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Eğitimde YerelleĢme, Eğitim Yönetimi, Federal Eğitim Sistemi, Adem-i Merkeziyetçilik, Yerel Birimler

Influence of states' political structures on administration of education, applicabilityof the best education examples to each other and analysis of Turkish EducationSystem are studied in the thesis whose name is ` Local Governing Bodies'Influences on Turkish Education System via Decentralization of Education. `Central governments have the power on education over the whole country whilesome parts of the power are allocated to the local government in the federal states.Central government is responsible for administration of education because there isnot allocation of state'spower.The Republic of Turkey is a unitary state whose Contitution's article 3 states that `The Turkish State, with its territory and nation, is an indivisible entity.`The Republic of Turkey as an unitary state and a few federal states, their educationsystems are examined comparetevely in the thesis. Eventhough federal states areconsisted of different states or landers, each state/ lander has her own educationpolicy, which is supervised and coordinated by the federal government.Vocational education/ training, tertiary education, cooperation between central andlocal governing bodies are succesful parts regarding some of the federal states. Onthe other hand, e.g. immigrant families' children education level is one of theproblematic area in respect of the German Education System.Inefficiencies of the Turkish Education System are lack of equal opportunity,inadequate adult education and high number of the students taking the universityentrance exam. Best practice of the Federal States' Education Systems such asvocational education/ training and orientation of the students based on their abilitiesby their teachers from the forth class of the Elemantary School can be adabtable tothe Turkish Education System. Despite of currently global trend for decentralizing education sytems from centraladministration, each state's social, cultural, economical, political and historicalconditions should be taken into consideration. Education policy could be suitable andefficient for changing conditions of daily life as long as education policy makersreflect the demands and will of thepublic.Keywords: Decentralization of Education, Educational Administration, FederalEducation System, Decentralization, Local Governing Bodies