Yeni Türkiye Partisi (1961-1973)

Abstract

V ÖZET Yeni Türkiye Partisi 27 Mayıs ihtilâlinden sonra Demokrat parti oylarına sahip çıkmak için 13 Şubat 1961 'de kuruldu. Kurucusu o dönemde Maliye Bakanlığı yapmış olan Ekrem Alican'dır. Yeni Türkiye Partisi, kurucu kadrosu açısından Hürriyet Partisi'ne dayanmaktadır. Kurucularının Menderes'e muhalefet olarak kurulan Hürriyet Partisi'ni kurmuş ve 1960'dan.sonra da ihtilâl hükümetinde görev yapmış olmaları nedeniyle YTP, kamuoyu tarafından kuşku ile izlenmiştir. YTP, ilk girdiği 15 Ekim 1961 seçimlerinde 65 milletvekilliği kazanmış, bunların çoğunluğunu doğu bölgesinden elde etmiştir. 1961 seçimleri sonucu, YTP, demokrat kitlenin oylarını AP'ne kaptırmıştır. Bundan sonra CHP ile AP arasında bir denge unsuru olmaya çalışmıştır. YTP, kurulduğu günden itibaren kendi içinde aşın-ılımlı çatışmasına sahne olmuştur. Bu durum partinin gelişememesine neden olmuştur. YTP, izlediği ılımlı tutumu nedeniyle, parti içindeki `aşırı` denilen milletvekillerinin tepkisini çekmiştir. Parti, `aşırılar` tarafından demokrat kitleye sahip çıkacak derecede aktif bir politika izlemediği gerekçesiyle suçlanmıştır. AP ise izlediği DP'nin devamı olduğu izlenimi nedeniyle YTP içindeki aşırıları elde etmiştir. YTP, 10 Ekim 1965 seçimlerine `orta yol` sloganı ile girmiş, bu seçimlerde 15 milletvekili çıkarabilmiş ve büyük oranda oy kaybetmiştir. 12 Ekim 1969 seçimlerinde ise ancak, 6 milletvekilliği kazanabilmiştir. Bu seçimlerde, daha önce uygulanan seçim sisteminin kaldırılmasından, diğer küçük partiler gibi YTP'de zarar görmüştür. YTP, 1961-1965 yılları arasında yaşanan geçiş döneminde iki defa iktidar ortağı olmuştur. Kurulduğu günden beri öteki partilerle birleşmenin gündemde olduğu YTP, 1973'te kendi kendini feshederek AP'ne katılmıştır. YTP izlediği politika ve programı açısından Atatürkçü, laik, karma ekonomiyi benimseyen bir partidir. Yürüttüğü denge görevi bakımından, geçiş döneminin huzurlu olmasını sağlamıştır.

VI ABSTRACT It Is the general belief that the researches about the recent politics in History of Turkish Republic are of great importance when the revelation of the political and social events are concerned, Although there has been a lot of researches about the subject there is not much about the minor parties. Therefore in this study, we aim to point out the contributions of New Turkey Party to Turkish political life. As it was not able to get permission to benefit from archive documents we had to use the official records of Turkish National Assembly, the newspapers magazines between 1961-1973; and some documentations and memoirs in this study. The New Turkey Party has been established on 13 th of February 1961 just after the 27 th May Revolution to be able to get( support from Democrat Party followers. The founder of this party was Ekrem Alican, the Minister of Finance in that period. The pioneers of the New Turkey Party politicians had took part in establishment of Liberity Party. The New Turkey Party Was watched doubtfully by the public as most of the members were also involved in 1960 Revolution and the Revolution Government. The New Turkey Parry had 65 membership in the parliament in its first election in 1961 who were from Eastern Turkey. The rest of votes were gained by the Justice Party whom got the most of the Democrat Party votes. After this election New Turkey Party was the balance point between Republican People Party and Justice Party. The New Turkey Party had two groups in itself, the extreme group and moderate group. Since it was founded there was a conflict between the extreme and moderate groups. This was a handicap for the development of the parry. The New Turkey Parry had followed a moderate way and which gathered lots of storm by the extreme group. The extreme group had also accused of the politics of the party not being able to have an active policy to cater the democratic masses. The Justice Party had acted as a follower of the Democrat Party which resulted to gain support from the extremes from the New Turkey Party. The New Turkey Party went into election which had adapted o slogan of `mid-way` on 10 th of October in 1965. The result of the election was a loss of votes for New Turkey Party as they had only 15 deputies in the parliament. Moreover on 12 th October 1969 the party only had 6 deputies in the parliament. The main reason for that was adaptation of the new election system as most of the minor parties had been affected badly. The New Turkey Party had a coalition government twice in the transition period between 1961-1965. The New Turkey Party had abolished itself and and joined theVII Justice Party in 1973, as there was a discussion about joining the other parties since its establishment. The New Turkey Party, as far as the party policy and programmes were concerned, was Kemalist, secular and accepted mixed economy policies. The New Turkey Party, with its balance policy had established a peaceful atmosphere for Turkey's transition period.