A reevaluation of canonical categories in flashbulb memories
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Abstract
Bu arastirmanin amaci Brown ve Kulik'de (1977) tanimlanan, flas bellekteki kanonikkategorileri yeniden degerlendirilmektir. Ayrica kanonik kategoriler ve olay tür ü, etki/önemderecesi, olay bellegi ve ipucu türü arasindaki iliski incelenmistir. Kanonik kategorilerinkisisel ve toplumsal olaylar arasinda fark gösterecegi öngörülmüstür. Ayrica olay tipindenbagimsiz olarak, hatirlanan kanonik kategori türlerinin ipucu türüyle iliskili olacagiöngörülmüstür. Ayrica, kanonik kategoriler ve etki/önem derecesi ve olay bellegi arasinda biriliski öne sürülmüstür. Veriler ögrenci seçme sinavina 1998, 1999 ve 2000 yillarinda girenkatilimcilardan toplanmistir. 1999'da gerçeklesen ögrenci seçme sinavinin iptali, 2001'degerçeklesen 11 Eylül olaylari ve 2003'de meydana gelen HSBC Bankasi'nin bombalanmasiflas bellek olaylari olarak kullanilmistir. Bir flas bellek anketi, bir etki/önem anketi ve bir olaybellegi anketi kullanilmistir. Sonuçlar 1998, 1999 ve 2000 gruplari arasinda sözcük sayisi,hatirlanan kanonik kategori sayisi ve flas bellek skoru açisindan fark oldugunu göstermistir.Hatirlanan kanonik kategorilerin sayisinin ve türünün olay türü, etki/önem derecesi, olaybellegi ve olaydan katilimci ya da bir yakinin etkilenmis olmasindan etkilendigi bulunmustur.Ipucu türünün kanonik kategorilerin sayisi ve türüne anlamli bir etkisi bulunamamistir. The aim of the present study is to reevaluate the canonical categories in flashbulbmemories defined by Brown and Kulik (1977). Also, the present study is aimed to examinethe relationship between canonical categories and event type, consequentiality, eventmemory, and cue type. It was predicted that canonical categories will differ for personal andpublic events. Also, regardless of the event type, type of canonical categories remembered isexpected to be related to the cue type. Furthermore, a relation between canonical categoriesand consequentiality and event memory is predicted. The data for the study was gatheredfrom the participant who attended university entrance exam in 1998, 1999, and 2000. Thecancellation of the university entrance exam in 1999, September, 11 events in 2001 andbombing of the HSBC Bank in 2003 were used as events for flashbulb memories. Aquestionnaire for flashbulb memory, a consequentiality questionnaire and an event memoryquestionnaire was used. The results revealed that there was difference between 1998, 1999and 2000 groups in terms of word counts, number of canonical categories remembered andflashbulb memory scores for personal events. It was found that the number and types of thecanonical categories were affected by the event type, consequentiality, and being affectedby the event. No significant effects were found for cue type.
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