Sporda başarıyı etkileyen psikolojik faktörler ve psikolojik antrenman

Abstract

SUMMARY The main purpose of this study is lack of a scientific approach to the psychological factors which effect sports activities in sport sciences. In the first chapter of this study, psychological factors effecting the success in sports and psychological training are discussed. The second chapter is consisted of a research findings about psychological training done in Istanbul. The first chapter includes theorical knowledge. The psychological factors are examined in four groups. In the first group the mental factors including the processes of perception, attention, learning, memory and intelligence are introduced. In the second group emotional factors which are constantly in interaction with the mental factors are discussed. They are as follow: Motivation, fear, anxiety and stress. While the knowledge of personality factors are the subject of the third group, physical factors are discussed in the fourth group. Because the physical factors that include the knowledge of technical and tactics abilities and condition are mentioned in the books of `Knowledge of Training` in depth, we have touched on this subject very shortly. In the second part the theory and varieties of psychological training are discussed. Firstly, the varieties of psychological training, secondly the directive psychological training are introduced. These are autogenius training, relaxation training, systematic desensibilisation, biological feedback, hypnosis, transcendantal meditation, yoga and basic technics. In the second chapter of the study, the data and findings of the research which is about psychological training done in Istanbul takes part. Data is examined in five parts. In these parts the understanding, knowledge, expectations and practices of psychological training of the subjects of the experiment are tried to be determined. This study is done on the trainers, athletes and people who dont deal with sports actively. The result of the study shows that none of 160the subjects has enough knowledge on psychological training. It is recommended that the athletes and trainers should be informed about the subject. It is hoped that the study supports following studies. 161

SUMMARY The main purpose of this study is lack of a scientific approach to the psychological factors which effect sports activities in sport sciences. In the first chapter of this study, psychological factors effecting the success in sports and psychological training are discussed. The second chapter is consisted of a research findings about psychological training done in Istanbul. The first chapter includes theorical knowledge. The psychological factors are examined in four groups. In the first group the mental factors including the processes of perception, attention, learning, memory and intelligence are introduced. In the second group emotional factors which are constantly in interaction with the mental factors are discussed. They are as follow: Motivation, fear, anxiety and stress. While the knowledge of personality factors are the subject of the third group, physical factors are discussed in the fourth group. Because the physical factors that include the knowledge of technical and tactics abilities and condition are mentioned in the books of `Knowledge of Training` in depth, we have touched on this subject very shortly. In the second part the theory and varieties of psychological training are discussed. Firstly, the varieties of psychological training, secondly the directive psychological training are introduced. These are autogenius training, relaxation training, systematic desensibilisation, biological feedback, hypnosis, transcendantal meditation, yoga and basic technics. In the second chapter of the study, the data and findings of the research which is about psychological training done in Istanbul takes part. Data is examined in five parts. In these parts the understanding, knowledge, expectations and practices of psychological training of the subjects of the experiment are tried to be determined. This study is done on the trainers, athletes and people who dont deal with sports actively. The result of the study shows that none of 160the subjects has enough knowledge on psychological training. It is recommended that the athletes and trainers should be informed about the subject. It is hoped that the study supports following studies. 161