Osmanlı askeri kıyafetleri: 16. - 20. yüzyıllar

Abstract

In Turkish history, begining from the first Pynastry (Beylikler) who have located to Anatolia by capturing from Turks, then Anatolian Selçuk Empire and Anatolian Pynastry (Beylikler) that their cutture and architecture influence to cutture and architecture of the Ottoman Empire, So Ottoman Empire had many differences new structures and arts (works). Turk - Ottoman people continiousry depanded on conservating and developing of worrior haritation which had been before it Finally, costoms of people lived in the palace, managers, soldiers and people had been very important Documents give us so much knowledge and hierarchy about Ottoman costoms. In thesis, we reseach Ottoman Military costoms from 16th century to 20th century, essentially in four groups. A- In miniatures B - In Albums C- In Tableous D- By military costoms in Harbiye Military Museum. First we met Ottoman military costoms in the miniatures in 16th century. As well as we began to met the same costumes in albums early of 17th century. This position continued in 18th century but we could see these similar examples in tableous with minitures and albums in the second half of 19th century, though in 20th century, original costoms conservating in Military Museums help therichress of these examples with their original. Ottoman military costums had been continenced without changing from 16th century to 17th century and 18th century. But it is seen that changing in military costumes in Nrzam-Cedid 1794 established by IH. Selim before completely changing in the military costumes in 19th century. Millitary costumes in Nfcam-i189 Cedid helped to change from first military costumes to uniform with Europian for the Future. Soldiers in Nizam Cedid had worn cap called `barata`, jacket` and shirt besides `called` `sıkma` between a parts or çakşır and boats for their legs. These soldies had carried rifle with bayorets in their hards. Military costums in Nizanrw Cedid have been seen in Picturesque Representtations of the Dress and Manners of the Turks Album (R.49). Thought it had been true that by being parallel changed with in political of state especiallywith Tanzimat Fermanı had been changed in military costumes from first half of 19th century. It had been some changes in teokratic of Ottoman Empire influenced by Europain from 1839 especially, when Ottoman Empire had Military Academia, in the costums of Military Academia had been changed. In 1826 Sultan EL Mahmut did away Yeniçeri Ocağı with Vaka-i Hayriye and established Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediye Army at the same year (1827-28) ordered to wear fes. At the same time, they agreed to wear with setre and parts uniform like English and French soldiers uniform. The soldiers had worn this uniform during the time of Sultan Abdülmecid and Sultan Abdülaziz but Sultan İL Abdülhamid had made some changes in this uniform by calling some German specialists to Ottoman Empire. We can see the original uniform examples in Military Museums from these centuries (R. 113-R.115 - R. 116 - R. 117). The uniform with form and dark blue had gone on to 1909 (V. Mehmet) and it been some changes in details and in the color to dark greea Ottoman military costums had continued to Republic of Türkiye. In 1924 first law about military costums for Republic of Türkiye had been agreed by Atatürk in the Türkiye Gread National Assambly.