Kent planlama ve uygulama süreci içinde kamu mülkiyeti varlığının kent makroformuna etkileri İstanbul metropoliten alanı doğu yakası örneği

Abstract

SUMMARY The continuous growth of population, industrialization, urbanization and the shortage of urban land with unefficient infrastructure having been observed in Turkey since 1950's has created great pressure on both the public owned land and the preservation areas for the cities development The public owned land which is very important factor for controlling urban develop ment could not stand for these pressure and have been the victim of this disorderly unorganised urban growth. In this thesis, the problem has been dealt with in its physical and legal aspects in relation to the planning process and for a suitable urban environment This thesis consists of four chapters. In the preface, the subject matter and the aim of the study are described In the first chapter, the types of public land, their characteristics, the laws and regula tions governing their usage and the organization concerned are studied. It has been found that the role of the public land as a planning - tool in controlling the urban form has not been appropriately realised. The second chapter describes the experiences of the developed countries facing similar problems. It has been discussed how such problems connected to the use of public land solved in these developed countries. The theoretical base thus formulated has been tested in the east side of Istanbul Metropolitan Areas. It has been demonstrated that although they are scarce and under protection, the forest areas, agriculture and water protection areas have nearly been occupied by the rate of almost % 25. New settlements have formed without any physical and social sub-structure and the town has spread around uneconomicly. XIÜçüncü bölümde; kamu mülkiyeti varlığı ile kent formu arasındaki ilişki, önceki bölümlerde teorik olarak ortaya konan bulgularla İstanbul Metropoliten Alanı Doğu Yakası örneği üzerinde test edilmiştir. Görülmüştür ki; ekolojik denge öğeleri olmaları nedeniyle harcanmaması gereken orman alanları, tarım ve su havzalarının yaklaşık %25î işgal edilerek, altyapı ve sosyal donatılardan yoksun yeni yerleşim alanları oluşturulmuş ve kent formu ussal olmayan biçimde yayılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümde ise; bir durum değerlendirmesi yapılarak, çağdaş bir kent planlaması ve uygulaması için kamu mülkiyetindeki arazi ve arsaların ussal biçimde kullammını sağlayacak önermelerde bulunulmuştur. Bu önermeler: 1 Kamu arazi ve arsalarının kullanımı ile ilgili ülkesel ölçekte genel politikaların oluşturulması, 2. Yasal düzenlemelerin gerçekleştirilmesi, 3. Mevcut kurumsal örgütlerin değerlendirilmesi ve yeni örgütlenme önerisi, 4. Kısa ve uzun vadeli uygulama etaplarının belirlenmesidir.

SUMMARY The continuous growth of population, industrialization, urbanization and the shortage of urban land with unefficient infrastructure having been observed in Turkey since 1950's has created great pressure on both the public owned land and the preservation areas for the cities development The public owned land which is very important factor for controlling urban develop ment could not stand for these pressure and have been the victim of this disorderly unorganised urban growth. In this thesis, the problem has been dealt with in its physical and legal aspects in relation to the planning process and for a suitable urban environment This thesis consists of four chapters. In the preface, the subject matter and the aim of the study are described In the first chapter, the types of public land, their characteristics, the laws and regula tions governing their usage and the organization concerned are studied. It has been found that the role of the public land as a planning - tool in controlling the urban form has not been appropriately realised. The second chapter describes the experiences of the developed countries facing similar problems. It has been discussed how such problems connected to the use of public land solved in these developed countries. The theoretical base thus formulated has been tested in the east side of Istanbul Metropolitan Areas. It has been demonstrated that although they are scarce and under protection, the forest areas, agriculture and water protection areas have nearly been occupied by the rate of almost % 25. New settlements have formed without any physical and social sub-structure and the town has spread around uneconomicly. XIin the final chapter, where the latest situation has been evaluated, some recommen- dations have been for urban planning and their implications for contemporary city formations. These recommendations are: L A national policy dealing with the use of the public land has to be created, in order to improve the present situation, 2.Laws and regulations have to be specifîed and realized, 3.The new organizations have to be established, in accordance with the new policies and legal formulations reccommended, 4.The long and short term stages have to be determined