Ratlarda oral olarak verilen alkolün serum, karaciğer ve böbrekteki GGT, ALT ve AST düzeyleri ile karaciğer yağlanması üzerine etkileri

Abstract

58 6. ÖZET Bu araştırmada oral olarak alkol verilen deneme grubundaki 25 rat ve serum fizyolojik verilen kontrol grubundaki 15 ratta serum, karaciğer ve böbrekteki y-GT, AST ve ALT enzim aktiviteleri ile serum total lipid ve total kolesterol düzeyleri saptandı. y-GT aktivitesi 1. gün sonunda kontrol ve deneme grubunda sırasıyla serumda ortalama olarak 1.821 ve 1.988 IU/ L, 7. gün sonunda 1.816 ve 2.120 IU/ L, 14. gün sonunda 1.821 ve 2.374 IU/ L, 21. gün sonunda ise 1.818 ve 2,989 IU/ L karaciğerde O.OSl.ve 0.146 IU/ g, böbrekte ise 367 ve 368.560 lU/g düzeyinde bulunmuştur(Tablo 1,11, Şekil 1,2). ALT aktivitesi 1. gün sonunda kontrol ve deneme grubunda sırasıyla serumda ortalama olarak 31.087 ve 33.872 IU/ mi, 7. gün sonunda 31.107 ve 33.156 IU/ mi 14. gün sonunda 31.053 ve 38.080 IU/ mi, 21. gün sonunda ise 31.233 ve 31.107 IU/ mi, karaciğerde 9.507.ve 14.532 IU/ g, böbrekte 4.640 ve 5.636 IU/ g olarak bulundu(Tablo III,IV, Şekil 3,4). AST aktivitesi 1. gün sonunda kontrol ve deneme grubunda sırasıyla serumda ortalama olarak 98.213 ve 99.016 IU/ mi, 7. gün sonunda 97.700 ve 99.460 IU/ mi, 14. gün sonunda 97.827 ve 101.248 IU/ mi, 21. gün sonunda ise 97.593 ve 102.685 IU/ mi, karaciğerde 67.473 ve 79.288 IU/ g, böbrekte 65.080 ve 65.624 IU/ g olarak bulundu(Tablo V,VI, Şekil 5,6). Serum total kolesterol düzeyi 1. gün sonunda kontrol ve deneme grubunda sırasıyla ortalama olarak 46.947 ve 48.920 mg/ 100ml, 7. gün sonunda 46.833 ve 50.292 mg/ 100ml, 14. gün sonunda 46.553 ve 56.952 mg/ lOOml, 21. gün sonunda ise 46.913 ve 58.432 mg/ 100ml olarak saptanmıştır(Tablo VII, Şekil 7).59 Serum total lipid düzeyi 1. gün sonunda kontrol ve deneme grubunda sırasıyla ortalama olarak 265.800 ve 268.160 ve 7. gün sonunda 265.467 ve 269.720 mg/ 100ml, 14. gün sonunda 265.533 ve 272.520 mg/ 100ml, 21. gün sonunda ise 265.400 ve 285.040 mg/ 100ml olarak saptanmıştır(Tablo VIII, Şekil 8). Üzerinde çalışılan 50 rattan kontrol grubu ile deneme grubu arasında serum AST ve y-GT aktivitelerinde 1. gün sonunda anlamlı bir değişiklik görülmezken,. 7., 14. ve 21. gün sonunda p < 0.01, karaciğerde p <.0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı farklar, böbrekte ise anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadı. Serum ALT aktivitesinde l.,7., 14. ve 21. gün sonunda p < 0.01, karaciğerde ve böbrekte p < 0.01 düzeyinde korelasyon saptandı. Deneme ve kontrol grubu serum total kolesterol ve total lipid düzeyleri arasında 1. ve 7. gün sonunda anlamlı bir değişiklik bulunmazken, 14. ve 21. gün sonunda p < 0.01 kadar korelasyon saptanmıştır. Hücre harabiyeti nedeniyle enzim aktivite düzeylerinde artış, karaciğer yağlanması nedeniyle total kolesterol ve total lipid düzeylerinde yükselme olduğu düşünülmektedir.

60 7. S U M M A R V In this study, serum, liver and kidney y-GT, AST and ALT enzyme activities and serum total lipid and total cholesterol levels of 25 rats which were given alcohol orally in order to make up the experimental group and 15 rats which were given physiological saline solution orally in order to make up the control group. The average sera y-GT activities of the control and experimental groups were determined as 1.821 and 1.988 IU/L at the end of the 1st day; 1.81.6 and 2.120 IU/L at the end of 7th day; 1.821 and 2.374 IU/L at the end of 14th day; 1.818 and 2.989 IU/L at the end of 21st day respectively. These values were found to be 0.081 and 0.146 IU/g in the liver, 367 and 368.560 lU/g in the kidney. The average sera ALT activities of the control and experimental groups were determined as 31.087 and 33.872 IU/ml at the end of the 1st day; 31.107 and 33.156 IU/ml at the end of 7th day; 31.053 and 38.080 IU/ml at the end of 14th day; 31.233 and 42.804 IU/ml at the end of 21st day respectively. These values were found to be 9.507 and 14.532 IU/g in the liver, 4.640 and 5.636 IU/g in the kidney. The average sera AST activities of the control and experimental groups were determined as 98.213 and 99.016 IU/ml at the end of the 1st day; 97.700 and 99.460 IU/ml at the end of 7th day; 97.827 and 101.248 IU/ml at the end of 14th day; 97.593 and 102.685 IU/ml at the end of 21st day respectively. These values were found to be 67.473 and 79.288 IU/g in the liver, 65.080 and 65.624 IU/g in the kidney.61 The average sera total cholesterol levels of the control and experimental groups were determined as 46.947 and 48.920 mg/ 100ml at the end of the 1st day; 46.833 and 50.292 mg/ 100ml at the end of 7th day; 46.553 and 56.952 mg/100ml at the end of 14th day; 46.913 and 58.432 mg/ 100ml at the end of 21st day respectively. The average sera total lipid levels of the control and experimental groups were determined as 265.800 and 268.160 mg/ 100ml at the end of the 1st day; 265.467 and 269.720 mg/ 100ml at the end of 7th day; 265.533 and 272.520 mg/ 100ml at the end of 14th day; 265.400 and 285.040 mg/ 100ml at the end of 21st day respectively. Although it was not possible on the first day of the study to determine a significant difference between the sera AST and y-GT activities of the 50 rats studied, significant differences at the level of p < 0.01 on the 7th, 14th and 21st days and p <0.01 in livers are observed while it was not possible to find a significant difference in kidneys. It was p<0.01 in sera ALT levels at the end of 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days and p<0.01 in livers and kidneys. While it was not possible to find a significant difference of total cholesterol and total lipid levels between the experimental and control groups at the end of 1st and 7th days,a correlation at the level of p<0.01 is determined at the end of 14th and 21st days. It is concluded that the increase in enzyme activity levels are associated with cell degeneration and the increase in cholesterol and lipid are associated with fat depozition of the liver.