İkinci Dünya Savaşı` ndan sonra gelişen olayların ışığında Kore Savaşı ve Türkiye

Abstract

Ikinci Dünya Savasi sona erdiginde, dünya yeni bir düzene girmisti. Çünküsavasin sonunda ortaya süper güç adi verilen iki ülke kalmisti: ABD ve Rusya. EskiKit'a Avrupa ülkeleri ise siyasi, askeri ve ekonomik yönden çöküse geçmisti.Türkiye de Ikinci Dünya Savasi'na katilmamistir. Ancak ekonomik ve askeriyönden zayif çikarken, Rusya'nin tehditlerine de maruz kalmistir. Bunun üzerineTürk Devlet Adamlari iki kutba ayrilmis dünyada Bati Blogunun yaninda yeralmislardir. Basta ABD olmak üzere Avrupa ülkelerinden yardim ve destekistemislerdir.Böylelikle Türkiye Birlesmis Milletlere kurucu üye, Truman Doktrini'ndenyardim, Marshall Plani'ndan yardim, Dünya Bankasi'ndan kredi, ABD'den askeriyardim almistir. Ancak NATO'ya kurulus asamasinda alinmamistir.Bütün uluslararasi çabalara ragmen Kore'nin birlesmesi mümkün olmayinca,15 Agustos 1948 yilinda Güney Kore Cumhuriyeti, 9 Eylül 1948 yilinda da KuzeyKore Cumhuriyeti kurulmustur.Kuzey Kore lideri Kim Il Sung 1948 yilindan itibaren ülkesini savas içinhazirlamistir. Bundan dolayi silah, malzeme ve egitim yönünden Sovyet Rusya'danönemli ölçüde yardim almistir.Güney Kore kendi iç birligini bile tam kuramamistir. ABD silahli kuvvetleriülkeyi terk ederken, geriye sadece emniyet görevi yapabilecek bir Güney KoreOrdusu birakmistir.Türk Hükümeti BM Genel Sekreteri'nden gelen yardim talebinidegerlendirmis, 25 Temmuz 1950'de 4500 kisilik bir Tugay gücündeki askeri birligiKore'ye göndermeye karar vermistir.Kore'ye, 25 Eylül 1950'de Iskenderun Limani'ndan baslayan yolculuk 19Ekim'de tamamlanmistir. Kore'de egitimler devam etmistir. Türk Tugayi'na NorthStar kod adi verilmistir.Kunuri Muharebeleri olarak anilan bu muharebelerde Türk Askerikahramanligini bir kez daha ispat etmistir. 1950 yilindan 1953 Temmuz'una kadar 4degistirme tugayi, kendisine verilen her türlü muharebe görevlerini basari ile yerinegetirmistir. 27 Temmuz 1953'te Ateskes Antlasmasi imzalandiginda TürkiyeNATO'ya üye olmustur.

The world went into a new formation when second war was finished.Because there were two remaining countries which are called superpower: USA andRussia. Old continental European countries went into downfall in terms of political,military and economical .Beside Turkey came out from The Second World War at a situation atwhich it was weak in terms of economical and military areas, Turkey had exposed toRussia?s threats. Therefore, Turkish Government man took part in West Block andthey had to want support and assistance from in the first instance USA andEuropean countries. In this manner, Turkey was one of the founder countries ofUnited Nations and got donation from Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, creditfrom World Bank and donation from USA by bilateral agreements. However, Turkeycouldn?t take part in establishment stage of NATO which is established for securedEurope in terms of military areas.Although all of international enterprises,uniting of Korea had not beenpossible. South Korea Republic was established at 15 August 1948 and North KoreaRepublic was established at 9 September 1948.Starting from 1948; Kim Il Sung, who is leader of North Korea, prepared hiscountry for war. Therefore, he got significant assistance f om Russia in terms ofrweapon, material and education. On the other side, besides preparing for war,South Korea couldn?t build up internal unity. When USA army force left country,there was only one South Korea Army that is for safety service.In order to join entire Korea under one flag, North Korea attacked SouthKorea at 25 June 1950. This attack is disapproved by United Nations and UNwanted to stop this attack. North Korea Army did not listen UN?s decision . SouthKorea Army with leading of USA could stop North Korea Army at defensive placearound Pusan Harbor.Turkish Government followed up carefully Korea War that was startedat 25 June 1950.They evaluated cooperation demand of UN General Secretarial anddecided to send a brigade military force that is consist of 4500 soldier at 25 July1950. Transmission was started from Iskenderun harbor at 25 September 1950 andfinished at 19 October.The education was continued at Korea, The Turkish Brigade was calledNorth Star. At this battles that is remembered as Kunuri Battles, Turkish Soldierproved his bravery one more time. Four changing brigade fulfilled every kind ofbattle duties successfully from 1950 to July 1953.When armistice agreement was signed at 27 July 1953, Turkey became amember of NATO at which gave importance for its security.