Diyarbakır Merkez maddi kültür varlıkları

Abstract

Diyarbakır tarihi açıdan büyük bir önem taşıyan Mezopotamya ve Bereketli Hilal bölgesinde yer alır. Mezopotamya eski Yunancada

Diyarbakır is located in historically important region of Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent .Mesopotamia is known as `place between two rivers? in Ancient Greek Language. In the present day, It is the region between Firat and Tigris rivers including Iraq, East Syria and Southeast Anatolia. Throughout history, It was a region in which different tribes inhabited together, thanks to Fertile lands and suitable life conditions. It is the place where first human communities created first civilization starting to manufacture and have social life, law, division of labor, community organization and administrative structure by beginning to settle.Diyarbakir city which has at least 5000 years old history has been home to many different civilizations. Hurrians, Assyrians, Medes, Persians, Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Mervanies, Artuks and the Ottomans are only some of these civilizations.As a result of the registration studies and archaeological excavations, it is found that there are presences of material culture which remain from different times and civilizations by this time. There are totally 985 presences of cultural estates, especially, 139 archaeological sites, 128 religious buildings and 143 cultural constructions.Diyarbakır Castle, which took its present shape at Roman Period, the towers, the gates and the inscriptions belong to this castle have been very important tangible cultural assets not only in terms of Diyarbakır but also in terms of Turkey. Moreover, the churches belong to different sects, the inns which used to be stopover places for caravans, the rich civil architectural examples constructed considering four seasons, the pavilions constructed with unique architectural style, the mosques in different styles started to be constructed after the year 630 and the important bathes of Ottoman Period have been the examples of tangible cultural assets of Diyarbakır.First of all, information about historical geography of Diyarbakır has been tried to be given in this work. After the tangible cultural asset had been described, the financial cultural assets in the city centre of Diyarbakır were analyzed and assembled into groups. The general tangible cultural inventory of city centre and counties has been given in tables. In the conclusion part, however, the tangible cultural assets Diyarbakır owns have been evaluated in terms of cultural tourism.