18-23 yaş grubu futbolcularda 8 haftalık yoğun interval antrenmanların aerobik performans ve vücut kompozisyonuna etkilerinin incelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma 18–23 yaş grubu amatör erkek futbolcularda yoğun interval antrenmanların aerobik performansa ve vücut kompozisyonu üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.Çalışmaya Haliç Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi Spor Yüksek Okulu'nda okuyan 13 denek (X ̅=19.38,SD±1,387) ve 13 kontrol grubu (X=20.85-SD±1.625) olmak üzere toplam 26 erkek amatör futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. 8 haftalık antrenman programı öncesi ve sonrası tüm sporcuların aerobik dayanıklılık performanslarının değerlendirilmesi için bir in direktt saha testi olan `Shuttle Run Test'', vücut kompozisyonlarının değerlendirilmesi için ise bio-elektrik impedans yöntemi ''X Scan Body Composition Analyser'' kullanılmıştır.Denek grubu 8 hafta boyunca haftada iki gün ortalama birer saat yoğun interval antrenman metodu uygularken, kontrol grubu normal antrenmanlarına devam etmiştir.Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Grup içi değerlendirmelerde Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, denek ve kontrol grubu arasındaki farklılıkları değerlendirmede ise Kruskal-Wallis Test uygulanmıştır (p<0.05).Yoğun interval antrenman uygulanan denek grubu ile kontrol grupları ön ve son testleri arasındaki sadece aerobik güç de anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanırken (p<0.05),vücut kompozisyonu parametrelerinde (%yağ, yağ ağırlığı, yağsız vücut ağırlığı) anlamlı bir farka rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05).Sonuç olarak, 8 haftalık yoğun interval antrenmanların amatör futbolcuların MaxVO2 bir artış olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. futbol' da yoğun interval antrenmanların yıllık antrenman planlaması içerisinde yer almasının sporcuların sezon içindeki performanslarını olumlu yönde etkileyeceğini düşünmekteyiz.Anahtar Kelimeler: Futbol, Yüksek Yoğunluklu İnterval Antrenman, Aerobik, Vücut Kompozisyon

The aim of this study was to investigation of the effects of high intensive interval trainings (HIIT) on 18-23 age amateur football players' body composition and aerobik performance.Twenty-six amateur football players from Halic University, School of Physical Education and Sports were participated to this study voluntarily. The group was divided by two as control (X ̅=20,85±1,62 years) and experimental group (X ̅=19,38±1,38 years). For both two group were applied 'Shuttle RunTest' which is an indirect field test for aerobic performance and 'Bioelectric Impedance Method' for determination of body composition (using by XScanBody Composition Analyzer) before and after 8 weeks training as pre and post test. During the regular training, experimental group was participated to 8 weeks high intensive interval training additionally which were 1 hour per day and 2 days a week.SPSS software programme was used for data analysing. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was applied to evaluation of groups in their own and Kruskal-Wallis Test was applied for the differences of the groups. Significant level rank was set as (p<0,05).As a result of the study, after the high intensive interval training, there was a significant difference was found in aerobic capacity between pre and post tests (p<0,05). Also there was no any significanf differences were found in body composition parameters (such as % fat, fat weight, lean body weight) (p>0,05). In conclusion, MaxVO2 increases were evaluated after eight weeks high intensive interval training. It's recommended that when these kind of training methods taking part in the annual planning, may affect positively to the players' performances.Keywords: Football, High Intensive Intreval, Aerobic Performance, Body Composition. SPSS software programme was used for data analysing. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was applied to evaluation of groups in their own and Kruskal-Wallis Test was applied for the differences of the groups. Significant level rank was set as (p<0,05).As a result of the study, after the high intensive interval training, there was a significant difference was found in aerobic capacity between pre and post tests (p<0,05). Also there was no any significanf differences were found in body composition parameters (such as % fat, fat weight, lean body weight) (p>0,05). In conclusion, MaxVO2 increases were evaluated after eight weeks high intensive interval training. It's recommended that when these kind of training methods taking part in the annual planning, may affect positively to the players' performances.Keywords: Football, High Intensive Intreval, Aerobic Performance, Body Composition.