İstanbul halkının günlük yaşam biçimi ve tüketim davranışlarının istatistik yöntemlerle incelenmesi

Abstract

İstanbul halkının günlük yaşam biçimi ve tüketim davranışlarını incelemek amacıyla İstanbul Ticaret Odası tarafından, Prof. Dr. Emre Kongar ve Prof.Dr. Taner Berksoy başkanlığında, Nisan 1990' da yapılan araştırmanın verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla tesadüfi alarak seçilmiş 2010 hane halkını kapsayan bu araştırma ayrıca en son durumu yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı hanehalkı gelir dağılımını araştırmak ve bunun yanısıra gelir durumu ile tüketim davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Dolayısıyla ilk olarak hane halkı gelir dağılımının yapısı incelenmiş ve sonuçta oldukça dengesiz bir gelir dağılımı olduğu görülmüştür. Daha sonra ailenin yapısı, yani aile reisinin yazı, eğitimi, mesleği, ailede çalışan ve yaşayan kişi sayısı ile hane halkı ortalama aylık net geliri arasındaki ilişkiler gruplandırılmış serilerde korelasyon ve Ki-Kare testi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Mikroiktisatta tüketim davranışları ile toplam gelir arasındaki ilişkilerin yapısı `Engel` eğrileri yardımıyla incelenir. Bu amaçla son bölümde doğrusal, yarı logaritmik üstel, ters, çift logaritmik v.b. fonksiyon tiplerine göre tanımlanan esneklikler aracılığı ile yedi harcama grubuna ilişkin değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Harcama grupları olarak mutfak, giyim, eğitim, kira, kitap, dergi; magazin ulaşım ve haberleşme, ev eşyaları harcamaları ele alınarak, bu harcamalarla gelir grupları arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir.

The way of people's spending money is an economical data which provides information about a lot of matters for us. Due to the technology which is developing, because of the changes and variations in needs of people and as a result of the increasing income level of peiple, the ways of consumption are differentiating in long term. This study is oriented to research the daily life of the people living in Istanbul, how much their incomes and how they spend and whether there is a relationship between the share of different expenses in their budgets and their incomes. Uith this aim, I have made use of the research data achieved by Istanbul Chamber of Commerce in April 199G, headed by Prof. Dr. Emre Kongar and Prof. Dr. Taner Berksoy. During the period of research, the matters to clarify different consumption attitudes were discussed with the heads of 2010 families chosen accidentally. The income groups and the number of families are as follows. :2G1D 100 -vii-In the first chapter, the income distribution of these 2010 families have been examined thorough statistical methods. As a result of the statistic analysis, it can be said that the income distribution of 2010 families is an extremly awry distribution. This means, many of the families has became dense in loui income level we can say. In the second chapter, I have researched whether there is a relation between the construction of family, that means the age, educational state and occupation of the head of the family, those who live with the family and the number of working people and avarage income of the head of the family and avarage income of the members of family using group correlation coefficient and chi-square. It can be tried to find out whether these data means anything to different income groups and what degree there is a relation between two. Ages of many of the heads of the famillies, who were discursse'g with, are between 26-55. Among them, thegroups of tradesman, driver, and craftsman were in the majority. Furthermore, it can be said that the incomes of the heads accupy the great part of the total income of their families. In the thid chapter, the relations between the way of spending income and different income groups have been tried to be find out using regression analysis. That means how much of the incomes is spent on different expenses. The expenses groups hich are examined in this study as follows: 1. The expenses of kitchen 2. The 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. clothing communication and transportation education household. rent. book, newspaper, magazine -Vlll-In the end of the forth chapter, I tried to find out the relations between the freguency of going to the cinema and theatre, the freguenay of having meal outside, the place that they have their meal and income of 2010 famillien using the test of Chi-Sguare. In conclusion, we can say that there is a relationship between all of them.