Ülkemizde günümüz gençliğinin Türk müziği değerlendirmesi

Abstract

ÖZET Hazırlamış olduğum tezimde izlediğim ilk yol müzik nedir? Başlığı oldu. Müzik duyguları düşünceleri anlatma sanatıdır. `Müzik ruhun gıdasıdır` sözü bu sihirli sanatın en büyük etkileri olduğunu açıkça göstermeye yeter. Müziğin toplumdaki yeri ve önemine gelince.... müziğin en büyük faydası insanların birbirine yaklaştırmasıdır. Okullarda toplu olarak söylenen şarkılar, verilen konserler, radyo programlan bir çok insana aynı duygu içinde toplamasını sağlar. `Ülkemizde Günümüz Gençiğinin Türk Müziğini Değerlendirmesi` konulu tezimde ilk olarak gençlerin müziğe bakışım değerlendirdim. Gerek gençliğin verdiği dinamizm, gerekse TV ve medyanın kullandığı politika gençleri Türk Pop Müziği veya diğer müzik türlerine sevk ediyor. Gençlerin Türk Müziği'ne bakışı olumlu olmakla birlikte, çoz az dinlendiği için üzücü sonuçlar veriyor. Dileğimiz Türk Müziği'nin daha çok sevilmesi ve ilgi duyulması, kendi öz kültürümüzün en önemli bir parçası olduğu bilincine varılması isteğidir. Bizlerin tarihî görevi, millî kültürümüzün önemli bir öğesi olan millet ve birey hayatında yer alan müziğimizi çağımızın bir değeri haline getirmek olmalıdır. -IV-

SUMMARY The first vital concern struck me whilst preparing this assertation was the heading `what is music?` Music indeed is a means to convey one's ideas and feelings. Music being a branch of the fine arts, creates pieces of art by means of arranging sounds in terms of melody or harmony. Origins of music goes far back than inception of recorded history of mankind. Musical instruments of the prehistoric man were comprised of its feet and hands. Uniquivocally, human sounds was also one of the oldest elements of musical instruments. Importance of music for the primeval man was immense, they thought that music was indeed was a gift of Gods. Even the most ancient human communities such as Egyptians, Chinese, Ancient Greeks and Indians thought of music as descending from Heavens. Even the word music found its origins at the names of nine nymphs called Mausa. These nymphs were commissioned by divine providence with duties of regulating all beauties and harmony of the entire world. The common characteristics of all sort of music is sound and motion. There was sound and motion in the nature as well, the time which we called `teh sound of nature` voices the motion and sound of winds, rivers and rain. As it is the case for many sounds of living organisms, there is a `rhythm` in these sounds. We feel endless beauties and unblemished naturalness of music in chirping of birds and bleating of lamb. `Music is the food for soul` is a quintessence of expression to reflect magnificent effects of this magical form of art on human existence. One of the most important benefits of music is its power to attract and unite people. On grounds that `music is the common language of people`. The numbers of collective songs or carols sung at schools or gatherings, concerts or radio programs are all but productive means to combine people into a united mass of reciprocal feelings. The military marches uttered stir national passion of people. -V-To know our national heritage Turkish music being the most important part of our culture, should be the first and foremost duty of our educational responsibilities. Contemporary meaning of Turkish music signify the single harmonious music as initially found ground in the human voice and based on vast knowledge and experience as composed by Ottoman composers and performed by Turkish, Arabian and Persian performers at Abbacies and Timurrians cultural centers. Turkish music also very as Ottoman Court Music and Classical Music. The music training founding its roots as back as during the reign of Seljuks become explicit whilst Ottoman reign, rooted and expanded in Republican era. During the Republican Era (beginning 920-1923 onwards) Turkish education system was transformed into a modern contemporary training. Today, owing to insufficient musical training opportunities offered our classical and modern Turkish music were also adversely effected. When we analyze the type of music being conducted today versus the past, we can conclude that the bridge on which it has been built on has gone through a radical change. Beginning in the Middle Ages and spanning the Turkish revolutions, history has shown us that the first musical sounds were in the form of rhythmic intonations. It is also a proven fact that the `kopuz` (as it was called in medieval times) or the `ud` (lute) as it is called now, was a musical instrument first used by the Turks. The Turks settled in Anatolia in the 1 1 th century, Turkish music compositions written from the 13th century on exiist. Turkish music entered into its golden era during the 16th century. The classical song writing style started during mis period. Additionally, the note system used in Turkish music today was created during this century. Additional successes in the music field were felt wqith the rise of the Ottoman Empire. The sultans kwere content economically and politically so they were able to show interest in the arts. Furthermore, good songwriters existed among the sultans. The sultans protected individuals who were interested in music and in later years opened a music school. The most important distinction during this era is that the sultans and other artists involved in Turkish music were properly trained and educated. This fact demonstrates the importance of education in the development of music in a society. The `radiant` period created by the Ottomans allowed the society to have a devotion and passion for the arts-especially music. This devotion along with the emphasis placed on proper education played a major role in the creation of classical compositions. The end of the Turkish kWar of Independence and the creation of the Turkish Republic affecting all walks of life in Turkey, set the stage for additional changes to misc concepts. During this time, kinterest in Turkish Classical music continued. However, at the same time,e Classical Western Music was born. The type of music -VI-that matured and developed during this period affects how music is conducted today. Initially, music and cassette recordings were carried out using acoustic instruments. This was later replaced with metallic instruments as technology increased. The music industry was also affected by the improvemenets in technology. The name `keyboard` given to electric pianos increased the speed by which music is made. The keyboard has the ability to generate digital sounds of various different instruments, so time is now saved during studio recordings. In the musical sense, the most accurate sounds are now attained. However, the problem we now face is that music that is not natural khas no soul. What our youngsters who unfortunate enough to not know and appreciate our nationally celebrated composers such as Itrî, Dede Efendi, Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Cemal Reşit Rey, and others, may teach to progeny in terms of our musical heritage, how can they introduce foreigners or the progeny alike our cultural treasures? Importance attached to melody and rhyme is widely included in Turkish music. Even though these faculties are indeed the most important components of our music. A rich and humorous tone, a serene and noble melody capture the listener. This form of art chiefly employed the human voice is in fact an elegantly melodious music not hindering human voice, on the contrary, ushering it up front, leading the listener to an incredulous experience of feeling and always attaching enough importance to small scale musical instruments. Sadly enough, such a civilized dearly form of music putting the human sound on the pedestal is nowadays carelessly put aside as on obsolete for form of art. The contemporary problem or target for Turkish music is to improve and enhance our musical heritage to avail it attaining its deverved niche in the Turkish representative culture by gaining a competitive quality to challenge all sorts of other international forms of music, enable it adequately provide for material and spiritual as well as social needs of our people belonging to all walks of life, creed, gender or class by constantly renewing itself and to create an environment to support Turkish language. It is an unequivocal fact that Turkish music could not be enhanced through only nurturing classical or entertainment music. Music should incorporate elements of sound and motion and combined to elements of forms of sound such as opera, drama, motion pictures, etc., as well as at all levels of life. Our greatest shame as a community is our being unaware of our own values, national culture and sources of music. And so vast a musical culture is being tried to preserved by a handful of champions. Taking into consideration that for many years none of the Turkish dailies or periodicals let alone a page, did not reserve half a page to Turkish music, vitality of the dilemma might ber revealed. Important responsibility is due to our State in particular to our Ministry of Culture. Making up the wasted years gone by may be possible through a screening selection and substantial organization. -vn-First of all, importance of music within our educational system should be appreciated and due importance given to it. Every child starting elementary school is a forerunner of a new generation. Products of our culture should be given to the fresh intellects up to a point they may understand and assimilate and a basic music culture is assisted to be acquired from source. A good listening habit which enable distinguishing quality music from the bad, should be established. The media and press should lead the public trend towards tasty listening attitude and shun being culprits of promoting distasteful and degenerate music to the masses. The music trainers and mentors should be thoroughly trained, having a good inkling of musical training methods and goals of such teaching. It should be known and never forget that, music is one of the most important cultural elements of an established society and, our national values, cultures and the unique way of living is protected. As a consequence, I must assert that the edified Turkish intellectuals should know its own culture to a maximum degree, become inquisitive about and searching its cultural roots and to exert all its means to catch up with development of other nations. The initial theme I examined in my assertion was the caption `what is Music?` Music indeed is a means to convey one's ideas and feelings. How beautifully exhorts the saying : `music is the nutrition of soul` enormous effects of this magical art. Considering the place and importance of music in the community... the substantial purpose of music is to unifying human beings. Commonly song melodies at schools, concerts performed, radio programs provide many people to unite harmoniously under same or similar feelings. My thesis under the heading of `Evaluation of Turkish Music` in terms of young people, initially involves in a through scrutiny of look of the contemporary youth to music in general. Either dynamism incepted from youth or policies generally used by TV and the mass media guide the youth toward Turkish Pop Music or towards domain of other music types. Albeit the fact that the youth's approach to Traditional Turkish Music is generally positive in attitude, due to fact that it attracats scarce audience, depressing outcomes may evolve from it. -vm-Our heartfelt wish is in the way that Turkish Music well find lovers en masse and attract greater interest all in growing consciousness of that it indeed is an indispensable part of our unique culture. Our historical duty is to contribute our music which is one of most important element of our national culture and life as a unique value of our age. Turkish youth, by means of championing Classical Turkish Music even in national agenda, would protect is prospective future, such consiousness would have to be reached. -EX-