Maltepe ve Kartal ilçelerindeki halkın Türk halk müziği ile olan ilişkileri

Abstract

ÖZET Bu araştırma İstanbul ilçelerinden Kartal ve Maltepe'de yapılmış olup, bu beldelerde yaşayan Türk Halk Müziği sanatçılarının kaydedilmesi ve halkın Türk Halk Müziği ile olan ilişkilerinin araştırılması amacım gütmüştür. Araştırmaya; öncelikle bu ilçelerin, tarihi ve coğrafî konumlan incele nerek başlanmıştır. Kaltal ve Maltepe'de kurulan derneklerin veya açılan kursların amacı halka Türk Halk Müziğini sevdirmek, pekçok sanatçı yetiştirmektir. Zaten her gün artan kurslar ve dernekler, artan talep bu amaca ulaşmıştır. Kartal ve Maltepe'de ulaşımın rahat olması, Türk Halk Müziği adına yapılan çalışmaların en iyi düzeyde gerçekleşmesinde en büyük etkendir. Ulaşım denizden olduğu gibi karadan da gerçekleşmektedir. Gerek rninibüs, gerek otobüs gerekse dolmuşların çokluğu bu kolaylığı sağlamaktadır. Kartal ve Maltepe'de Türk Halk Müziği solfej, repertuar ve bağlama kursu olarak faaliyetlerini sürdüren kurslar ve derneklerin toplam sayısı 27 kadardır. Bu kurslarda ders verenler yine bazı kurslardan (Ömer Şan, Arif Sağ vb. saz kursları) ve konservatuardan mezun olan kişilerdir. Bu araştırma için; bir Halk Eğitim Merkezi, 6 bağlama ve solfej kursu ve 2 dernek (Malatyalılar Derneği, Gülsuyu Cem Evi) ziyaret edilmiş ve buradaki Türk Halk Müziği çalışmalarına devam eden sanatçılarla bizzat görüşülmüştür. Bu görüşme sonucunda araştırma için gerekli olan bilgiler toplanmışta. Buna göre, Kartal ve Maltepe ilçelerinde yaşayan halkın Türk Halk Müziği ile olan ilişkilerinin hangi düzeyde olduğu, buralarda yaşayan halk sanatçılarının sayılan, yaşlan, doğduklan görevleri, hocaları ve Türk Halk Müziğinin hangi türü ile ilgilendikleri öğrenihniştir. Ayrıca; Kartal ve Maltepe'de yaşayan ancak müzikle ilgilenmeyen çeşitli meslek grupları arasında da anketler yapılmış ve konu daha geniş çaplı araştınlmış ve Türk Halk Müziği'nin bu meslek arasında da sevilip sevilmediği ortaya çıkanhnıştır. XV

SUMMARY This study made at the counties of Istanbul, mainly at Kartal and Maltepe, is significant in the aspect of researching the relations of the population living in these counties With Turkish Popular Music and knowing theartists living here. Kartal and Maltepe counties are important ones in view of situstion and history of Istanbul and to consider them from their foundation took an important place in the study. Kartal and Maltepe are two counties clouse to erch other and established in the sea side of Istanbul. These counties who get their living through agriculture and fishing, following the establishment of Republic has been rapidly developped and industrialised. In these counties, starting from 1967 Turkish Popular Music works developped and extended rapidly. In Maltepe there are about le diverse courses and unions which grants `Bağlama` notes and Turkish Popular Music repertory lessons and courses whenever who wishes. Knowledge learned in these courses and associstions are exposed in few nights in national holidays and in important celebrations. Here all kind of Turkish Popular Music kinds are performed. At Maltepe Turkish Popular Music works are limited that way to a few courses and associations. While at Kartal county Turkish Popular Music works are effected in the frame of Kartal People Training Center. (Kartal Halk Eğitim Merkezi) In these years its name was `Halk Evi` People's House. This People Traning Center has educated many artists. In 1967 Kartals population was sixteen the sand and demand to the popular Music was very large. The main purpose of the established association in Kartal and Maltepe is to render popular the Turkish Popular Music by the people of regien to extend it and train good artists. Since the `bağlama` and solfega courses in growing number and associations are the sign that this aim is attained. At Kartal and Maltepe there are a lot of restaurants with music and tehe wel educated artists are performing.This artists are go some cours in their city and they finish them. There are a lot of restaurant, while that there are a lot of artists. This artist get their money in this place. They comes here very different city's and than they stay in here. Some people by their house. In Maltepe and Kartal travel is very easy. In this place you can make easy travel by sea, by train and by bus. The cours teachers live in here and this teachers study with Ömer Şan, Arif Sağ, Nida Tüfekçi ect... There is a people Training Center in Kartal but in Maltepe, there is no. Kartal People Training Center in 1980-1992, they make big pratical. They give the people good lessons. They are always be the first in `icra, yorum, solo, bağlama, solo-koro` They get a lot of price. But later then this center make programme with `Türk Halk Müziği Korosu, Kartal Belediyesi` becouse of directors. (Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı) make a programme and like this center have a big economical problems. Since 1992, in people Training Centers make a races but than Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı make a programme and this races finished. And than members of this center get out their jobs. But the cours and lessons still goes on. Turkish Popular Music works with Kartal Belediyesi. In Kartal and Maltepe there was a lot of Turkish popular music singer. And all of this singer works in a restaurant. They open some cours (saz). They give bağlama and solfej lessons. This people born in `sivas and towns, Divriği, İmranlı, Erzurum, Erzincan and Kars.` They learn sing and song in childhood and study with good teachers. Then they come İstanbul and stay in Kartal and Maltepe. All the artists comes in Istanbul from the other citys. This artists; they don't forget their popular musk. They open some cours and make a lot of student. For this, they con't make a list if they make list it wasn't be good. They take 100 person and they are 40 to 17 years old and they ask them some question while asking there is no problem but they cont soy their adress. (This one) the Turkish Popular Music singers live a lane they lise by their self. And in Maltepe there was a two cinema that one of this used in summer. In Kartal and Maltepe there was a (folklor) popular game races. And Maltepe Belediye Şube Müdürlüğü make a open theatre and they do there a big and very good light system. In summer there was a folklor show in this place. They make a popular canser. Every high school folklor exercises. In Rezzan Has middle school there was a Turkish Popular Music repertery lessons and courses. There is a ten person who finished this courses and 25 person goes this courses, go this school. Orhan Gazi high school and S.S.K Collage be the first in Istanbul (in folklor). viYou see, there was a Turkish Popular Music exercises in schools, in Kartal and Maltepe. By this the student learn their real music. Appoximately 10 musical instrument (lute) and solfeggio (T.F.M.) repertory courses are generally central in Maltepe. Therefore they are situated closely to each other. Instructors in newly established courses are generally conservatory graduates or students. Approximately 70 students continue to attend these courses which were opened both for earning money and desire. In addition to learning to play lute, repertory and solfeggio of Turkish Folk Music is studied by way of teaching notes. A Public Education House is not present up to now in Maltepe. Although there are no many individuals occupying in Turkish Folk Music in Kartal, these kind of courses are much more than any other place. However a Public Education Center and Turkish Folk Music chonus are available in Kartal. There is substantial human potential for taking part in these choruses. There are a lot of artisans (singers and lute players) in Maltepe and Kartal because of the presence of many clubs. Some artisans who reside at far districts or quarters, have been house-owner here in regard to closeness to clubs whether by paying rental or purchasing home. Turkish Folk Music studies in Kartal were first made in an Association which was established as Public House in 1967-1968 years. Later this association has maintained its studies in 1968-1969 years as `Kartal Public Education Center`. The population of Kartal was around 16.000 ih these years. Maintaining its Turkish Folk Music studies Kartal Public Education Center have taken its first championships in competitions of Turkish Folk Music and Folk Dances arrenged among Public Education Centers at that times in order to spread and to gain sympathy for Turkish Folk Music. Kartal Public Education Center activating in these years under the directorship of Grandfather Zekeriya and the management of Yakup Esen, has gained more consciousness until 1986 and arrenged a lot of concerts. After the assignment of Muzaffer Erdem for Chorus Instructorship in 1986, `Kartal Public Education Center` has started to make Turkish Folk Music studies in conservatory level. viiObtaining, championships twice until 1990 Turkish Folk Music Chorus of Kartal Public Education Center has gained a lot of solo championships as well. Turkish Folk Music Chorus of Kartal Public Education Center which conducted its Turkist Folk Music studies successfully at best way between 1980-1992 in Kartal, was conected to the Municipality of Kartal in result of disinterest of administrators. After the termination of competitions which were made annually once in order to spread and promote Turkish Folk Music in 1992, efficiency of studies declined and demand for these courses decreased. In addition to 5-6 lute courses in Kartal district, also Pir Sultan Association and Kartal Tourism Folkloric Association effect their studies in repertory level. Programs are prepared by exhibiting studies via private television and radio stations opened in large numbers as well as concerts in these institutions. `Participation rations has increasingly declined in result of disipterest of the National Education for cultural activities after 1990. In conclusion there of, Turkish Folk Music activities have nearly disappeared. Another blow to Turkish Folk Music was the saving circular notice published by the Apprenticeship Education and General Directoriate of the Ministry of National Education in 1993 and upon that studies and activities have reduced to minimum level. Quality declined; Coordinated studies with Kartal Public Education Center and State Conservatories and personnel transfers were prevented and so methodic studies were left.` As it is understood from the research conducted among artisans residing at Kartal and Maltepe and occupying in Turkish Folk Music, common shared teachers of these artisans are as follows : Arif Sağ Emin Zorlu Yavuz Top Muzaffer Sönmez Muzaffer Erdem Ali Kanberoğlu Ali Yıldırım Ali Yılmaz Ali Gürlü Ömer Şan Beyhan Karslı Süreyya Şahin Erol Köker Rahmi Yıldıran Hüseyin Pekiyi Kanber Yıldıran Erdal Erzincan V1X1Birth places of Turkish Folk Music artisans who live at Kartal and Maltepe are as follows : In result of research conducted at Kartal and Maltepe districts it was found that ertisans in these areas were liking long songs as well as folk song, folk dance and short song characteristics of Turkish folk Music. Of handred Turkish folk Music artisans determined to be living in these areas in result of this research conctucted in Kartal and Maltepe districts. They make a popular canser. Every high school folklor exercises. In Rezzan Has middle school there was a Turkish PopularMusic repertery lessons and courses. Approximately seventy students continue to atfend these courses wich were opened both for earning money and desire. In addition to learning to play lute. Turkish Folk Music studies in Kartal were first made in an association which was established as public house in 1967 years. After the assigment of Chorus Instructorship in, `Kartal Public Education Center` has sterted to make Türk Folk Music studies in conservatory level. IX