Urfa`da Halilu`r-Rahman vakıfları (XVI.-XX. yüzyıl başları)

Abstract

Bu çalışma, XVI. yy.'da Urfa'da zâviye vakıfları olarak vücuda getirilmiş olan ve bugün Şanlıurfa'nın kutsal mekânlarının başında gelen Balıklı Göl platosunda yer alan Halilu'r-Rahman Vakıfları'nın tarihî gelişimleri, işlevleri ve şehir hayatına olan katkılarını ortaya koymaktadır. Cami, zâviye, imâret, türbe ve misâfirhâneleri bünyesinde barındıran Halilu'r-Rahman Vakıfları birer külliye şeklinde inkışâf ederek şehrin kültür, eğitim, sosyal ve ekonomik hayatına olan katkılarının yanında sahip oldukları akar nevinden dükkân, han, hamam gibi yapılarıyla da şehrin mimarî gelişimine ve mamur bir hale gelmesine de katkıda bulunmuştur. Diğer Osmanlı şehirlerinde olduğu gibi Urfa şehrinde de zâviye ve camiler kültürel alış-verişin yaşandığı yerlerin başında gelmektedirler. Bu vakıfların bünyesinde bulunan zâviyelerde şeyhler mensup oldukları tarikat öğretilerini dervişlere ve halka aktararak kültürel ve dinî birliğin sağlanması yönünde katkı sağlamışlardır. Halilu'r-Rahman Vakıfları bünyesinde vakıf yapılarından başka Hz. İbrahim'in ateşe atıldığı kabul edilen makam ve doğduğuna inanılan mağaranın da bulunması bu mekânların günümüzde olduğu gibi tarih boyunca da canlılığını devam ettirmesini ve yerli yabancı çok sayıda turistin ziyaretgâhı olmasını sağlamıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Halilu'r-Rahman Vakıfları, Vakıf, Balıklı Göl, Zâviye, Hz. İbrahim.

This study proves the historical development, functions and city life contributions of the Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs which was built as the 16th century Urfa dervish lodge waqfs and it is today's one of the most important holy places of Sanliurfa. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs located in the Plateau Pool of Sacred Fish. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs which includes mosques, dervish lodges, soup kitchen, mausoleums and guesthouses developed as a complex of buildings adjacent to a mosque. By this way Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs contributed to city's cultural, educational, social and economic life. Besides, with the structures such as shops, inns, baths, etc., they contributed the city to become prosperous.As in other Ottoman cities, dervish lodges and mosques are the main cultural interaction points in the city of Urfa. The dervish sheikhs contributed to cultural and religious unity of the people by teaching tariqah orders to dervishes and to people. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs includes the place which was accepted Prophet Abraham thrown into the fire. It also includes the cave which is accepted Prophet Abraham was born. So, the presence of these places has been providing the large number of domestic and foreign tourists to visit these places throughout history as it is today. These places maintains its viability.Key Words: Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs, Waqf, Pool of Sacred Fish, Dervish Lodges, Prophet Abraham.This study proves the historical development, functions and city life contributions of the Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs which was built as the 16th century Urfa dervish lodge waqfs and it is today's one of the most important holy places of Sanliurfa. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs located in the Plateau Pool of Sacred Fish. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs which includes mosques, dervish lodges, soup kitchen, mausoleums and guesthouses developed as a complex of buildings adjacent to a mosque. By this way Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs contributed to city's cultural, educational, social and economic life. Besides, with the structures such as shops, inns, baths, etc., they contributed the city to become prosperous.As in other Ottoman cities, dervish lodges and mosques are the main cultural interaction points in the city of Urfa. The dervish sheikhs contributed to cultural and religious unity of the people by teaching tariqah orders to dervishes and to people. Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs includes the place which was accepted Prophet Abraham thrown into the fire. It also includes the cave which is accepted Prophet Abraham was born. So, the presence of these places has been providing the large number of domestic and foreign tourists to visit these places throughout history as it is today. These places maintains its viability.Key Words: Halilu'r-Rahman Waqfs, Waqf, Pool of Sacred Fish, Dervish Lodges, Prophet Abraham.