Edincik Bölgesinde kafeste yetiştirilen ticari hibrit yumurtacı sürülerde görülen üretim azalmalarının nedenleri

Abstract

SUMMARY The Causes of Production Losses Seen on the Commercial Layers Bred in Cages in Edincik Region The study was carried out on commercial layers bred in cages in Edincik/Bandirma region and ite convenions between 1993-1995 to point out the causes of serious production losses and to prevent them. For this purpose, 34 poutoy-houses including approximately 7-12 thousands of hens were used. The total of 352.415 white hens, used in the study, were selected from Hy-line W77, Lohmann LSL, and Dekalb Delta hybrid breeders. The factors decreasing the egg production were bacterial, viral, mycoplasmic, mycotic infections and management. During the infection, egg production, egg weight, feed intake, mortality, clinical symptoms and necropsy findings were evaluated. These parameters were supperted by the findings of some laboratories. Escherichia coli and Infectious coryza often seen in Edincik region caused significant decreases in egg production. Severe deaths were seen when Coryza was complicated with E. coli. Mycoplasma gallisepticum was determined in all flocks but it had no effect on egg production. -3-Economical losses related with production losses, shell quality and egg weight were caused by Newcastle disease, Infectious bronchitis and Avian encephalomyelitis. Environmental factors exactly high temperature, time of lighthing, air circulation, oxygen, carbondioxide, ammoniac rate, movement, watertessness and feedlessness were determined to effect the egg production and quality. Nutrition was determined to be the most important factor to take care. Feed intake, egg production and shell quality were found to be related with calcium percentage of the diet. It was seen specially after the beginning of egg production (21st week), when the requirement of calcium increased. As a conclusion, 3,5-3,9 % calcium needed to be added to diet and the useable phosphorus level in the diet should be 0,30-0,45 %. Key Words: Egg production, diseases, calcium, phosphorus, management..

SUMMARY The Causes of Production Losses Seen on the Commercial Layers Bred in Cages in Edincik Region The study was carried out on commercial layers bred in cages in Edincik/Bandirma region and ite convenions between 1993-1995 to point out the causes of serious production losses and to prevent them. For this purpose, 34 poutoy-houses including approximately 7-12 thousands of hens were used. The total of 352.415 white hens, used in the study, were selected from Hy-line W77, Lohmann LSL, and Dekalb Delta hybrid breeders. The factors decreasing the egg production were bacterial, viral, mycoplasmic, mycotic infections and management. During the infection, egg production, egg weight, feed intake, mortality, clinical symptoms and necropsy findings were evaluated. These parameters were supperted by the findings of some laboratories. Escherichia coli and Infectious coryza often seen in Edincik region caused significant decreases in egg production. Severe deaths were seen when Coryza was complicated with E. coli. Mycoplasma gallisepticum was determined in all flocks but it had no effect on egg production. -3-Economical losses related with production losses, shell quality and egg weight were caused by Newcastle disease, Infectious bronchitis and Avian encephalomyelitis. Environmental factors exactly high temperature, time of lighthing, air circulation, oxygen, carbondioxide, ammoniac rate, movement, watertessness and feedlessness were determined to effect the egg production and quality. Nutrition was determined to be the most important factor to take care. Feed intake, egg production and shell quality were found to be related with calcium percentage of the diet. It was seen specially after the beginning of egg production (21st week), when the requirement of calcium increased. As a conclusion, 3,5-3,9 % calcium needed to be added to diet and the useable phosphorus level in the diet should be 0,30-0,45 %. Key Words: Egg production, diseases, calcium, phosphorus, management..