Keçilerde sürü sağlığındaki değişimin bazı pratik parametrelerle izlenmesi

Abstract

sahiptir (P<0.05). Genel anlamda dişi oğlakların erkek oğlaklardan daha yüksekyaşayabilirlik olasılığına sahip olduğu, doğum tipi etkisinin önemsiz düzeyde olduğugörülmüştür.Oğlak doğum ağırlığı, toplam batın ağırlığı ve batın ağırlığı varyasyonuözellikleri üzerine doğum tipi-cinsiyet faktörlerinin etkisi araştırılmış ve söz konusuözelliklere ait tekrarlanma dereceleri tahmin edilmiştir. Anaya ait bir özellik olarakdoğum ağırlığı, toplam batın ağırlığı ve batın ağırlığı varyasyonu özelliklerinintekrarlanma dereceleri sırası ile 0.32, 0.10 ve 0.01 olarak tahmin edilmiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Türk Saanen, sağlık koruma, oğlak, doğum ağırlığı, sütten kesimağırlığı, vücut kondüsyon skoru, canlı ağırlık, sağlık kayıtları, apse, pseudotuberculosis,prevalans, mortalite, ÇanakkaleII

ABSTRACTUSE OF SOME PRACTICAL PARAMETERS TO MONITOR ANNUALCHANGES OF GOAT HERD HEALTHIn this project which involved a review and four studies, data obtained fromvarious records, observations and measurements of a dairy goat herd kept at ÇanakkaleOnsekiz Mart University Üvecik Research and Training Farm were used as the studymaterial.In the first study, a general discussion addressing the possibility of dealing withanimal health in the frame of animal husbandry and breeding under the changingconditions was made. In the second study, an investigation was carried out to determinepossible use of health records and some practical parameters in animal health. In thefollowing study, some results from the analysis of data associated with facial abscessthat were recorded from the goat herd over a year time were presented. In the forthstudy, mortality and factors affecting mortality in kids were subjected to investigation.A final study was carried out to determine possible use of birth weight and its variationin reducing kid losses.It was found that health problems occur in middle-aged goats in fall time andbody condition score is a more reliable parameter than live weight in determining healthproblems in long term time period. Heritability of goats and their kids for susceptibilityto health applications was estimated as h2=0.17.Abscess prevalence, the total number of abscesses in a season and probabilityof abscess presence were hold. The rate of animals that had at least an abscess in thepopulation was calculated as 16.4%. The prevalence was the highest in middle-agedgoats (19.5%). Of the factors affecting total abscess number in a season, the effect ofseason was found significant (P<0.001). Repeatability of this trait was estimated ash2=0.23. Probability of abscess prevalence was significantly affected by age and season(P<0.05). Repeatability of this trait was estimated as h2=0.19.Overall mortality at the goat farm occurred by 19% between 1997 and 2003.Birth weight had a significant effect on viability of kids in all the models considered(P<0.05). Parity had a significant effect on viability when considered together with birthweight and particularly with weaning weight. In general, it was found that female kidsIIIhad a higher viability than male ones and birth type had no significant effect on viabilityof the kids.The effect of birth type-sex on kid birth weight, litter size and variation of birthweight in litter size was investigated and the repeatability of these traits was estimated.The repeatability of mother-related birth weight, litter size and variation in litter sizewere estimated as 0.32, 0.10 and 0.01, respectively.IV