Antakya: Kuruluşundan İslam fethine kadar

Abstract

Antakya founded by Seleucids B.C. 300 was one of the biggest cities of the world during Antiquity and medivial ages.During this era Antakya was cultural, commercial and religious centre of the Eastern world. Antakya was invaded by Emperor Pompei B.C 64.Thus in Antakya Reign of Roman commenced.This period lasted until the Muslims conquest A.D 636.With the conquest of the city by Emperor Pompei it was ruled as an autonomous city within the empire. In Antakya history one of the most eminent events During the rerign of Emperor Caligula desciples of Jesus Christ Saint Barnabas,Pavlos and Peter settled in the city to emit the Christianity As a result of the missionary services done by these saints they could congregate a mass which is called for the first time as Christians.Thus Christianity spread throughout the Roman World. A.D 37 during the Spread of Christianty in Roman territory Christians saw an unprecedented salughter and torture.In A.D 313 with the Great Constantin's Milan Decree Christians were relieved of torture inflicted by the Roman Emperor. Roman Emperors used Antakya as a military base. On the 20 August 636 Antakya was conquered by Ebu Ubeyde Bin Cerrah. Thus Roman Reign ended and Muslims started to rule Antakya. Antakya profusely bears the features of the era which was the pivot of many cultural and religious observations and events of the most significant events was Olympic Games held in Antakya during Roman Times. Edifices built then were the best manifest of Greek and Roman civilization.Those collosial buildings were a Palace, stadiums, agoras, a Hippodrome. Because seven big earthquakes took place in Antakya it had to be rebuilt seven times. At present time in Antakya these buildings are completely destroyed. If these buildings had survived Antakya would be the biggest open air museum at present day. The principal objective of this work is to shed light on cultural inheritance of Antakya between B.C. 300 and A.D. 636 and make it known in the world history 154