Ehl-i sünnet ve Mu`tezile`de tevhid anlayışı

Abstract

250 ` The Conception of Tawhid in Sunnite and Mutazila ` SUMMARY This study attempts to investigate comparatively the concept of `Tawhid ` in Sunnite and Mutazila sects. The problems raised with respect to ` Tawhid ` are studied in the light of the fundamentals of Koran and the conclusions are based on the basic principals and evidences of the Holy Book of Islam. The present study falls into three main chapters preceeded by an Introduction and followed by a Conclusion. The Introduction points out the place and significance of ` Tawhid ` in the Islamic thought, outlines the pre- Islamic period from the point of 'Tawhid ` and gives the several definitions of this concept. The Chapter I, titled ` Tawhid in the Personality and Essence of Allah ` is divided into three sub- sections. The first one is concerned with the unity of Allah in Koran and the primary emphasis is placed on two key- words as ` Ahad ` and ` Vahid `. The second sub- section deals with the proofs and evidences laid by the prominent Muslim scholars of theology whereas the third one takes up the problem of refutal of ` teşbih ` (Comparison ) and `tecsim ` (Embodement).251 The Chapter n, divided into seven sub- sections, is concerned with the concept of ` Tawhid ` regard to ` Divine Attributes. ` The relations between Indicative and Essential Attributes of Allah was particularly- studied and elucidated from the viewpoint of ` Tawhid `. The Third and last Chapter deals with ` Tawhid ` in relation with the Acts of Providence. This chapter, which falls into three sub- sections, aims at determining the nature of the divine Acts and the responsibility of man based on Koranic evidences. Different conceptions of some schools of theology such as Cebriye, Mutazıla and Ehl-iSunnah ( Orthdoxy ) are also compared and contrasted by referring to primary sources of knowledge in this chapter. The opinions and conceptions of each school are analysed with a critical approach. The Conclusion contains a summary of the study and concluding remarks on the subjects. Mentor : Prof.Dr JWustafa Said YAZICIOĞLU Tv.. vtrumt -xixi Merkezi