Toprak-vakıf ilişkileri çerçevesinde XVI. yüzyılda Amasya Sancağı

Abstract

SUMMARY Amasya had been center of the area of `the province of Dânişmendiye`, established after taken the sovereignty by Turks in this district and later also had been center of `the sanjak of pasha` in `the province of Rûm` in the Ottoman era. The Sanjak of Amasya which has an importance as a strategic center in the easter-n borders of Ottomans till the late of XVI. Century, accepted as `The Sanjak of Princes` and the princes of Ottoman Dynasty had been sent here in order to gain some administrative experience. In Anatolia of XV. and XVI. Centuries, `The Sanjak of Amasya` had a special place as a result of setling of Turkoman peoples densily in its rural area. In this way; its population situation in this area, its place and production in the agricultural organization gained impor tance. In the system of `mal ikâne-divânî ` which was different kind of land system, realized production and taken taxes from this production and its distribution had more affected the social structure. In the area of sanjak while taken by the state one out of five of `öşr` from production, under the name of `divanî` share; another one out of five part was at the disposal of the `local Beys` and the notable families under the name of `malikâne` share. It has been seen that the most of the malikâne shares belong to this side, had been returned to the foundation in order to get revenue for the social aimed bui 1 dings. The more parts of the social aimed foundation build ings had been build in the provinces. And the foundations had played big role in the progressing of the cities. By putting forward of the production-taxes in city and the city population-foundation buildings in the cities, the comparission of the city-rural area structures has been made. Only reference books about agricultural production and population in the city and rural area of the Sanjak of Amasya in XVI. Century are `the Registers of Tahrir`. By the helping of the registers from `the registers of Tahrir`, its has been understood that the agricultural production in the sanjak of Amasya beetween 1520-1576 years, had been icreased nearly 60%. In the land system of `mal ikâne-divânî` same amount of revanue increase from taxes of these product had been also realized. When taking into account of population data of Murad III. era, the development seen in the early of XVI. Century in the sanjak of Amasya, had went on until the years of 1580s.