Türk dış politikasında çok yönlülüğe geçiş süreci 1960-1971

Abstract

SUMMARY Turkey went through a political, economic and social transformation between 27 May 1960-12 March 1971. Turkish foreign policy was not an exception in this sense and it was also influenced by this transformation. Abandoning its traditional status quo and Western-oriented policy, Turkey has adopted a multifaceted foreign policy. This thesis, titled as `The Process of Transition to Multifaceted Foreign Policy in Turkey: 1960-1971` aims to analyse this process. In the Introduction, domestic and external circumstances in the 1960s which made this transformation possible are scrutinized and this process is divided into three periods. In the First Chapter, Turkish foreign policy under the military rule and Turkish public opinion's growing interest to foreign affairs are examined. In this period, both politicians and intellectuals, as a reaction to the policies of the Democrat Party governments, began to criticize the traditional line in Turkish foreign policy and emphasized the need to develop closer relations with the Non- Aligned countries. In the Second Chapter, foreign policies of the coalition governments between 1961-1965 are analysed. Two important developments in this period, the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cyprus problem, compelled the governments to tolerate the questioning of the traditional Turkish foreign policy. Under the strong influence of the intellectuals, the government started to develop closer relations with the Soviet Union and Non- Aligned countries. In the Third Chapter, which covers the 1965-1971 period, it is argued that the Justice Party governments pursued a multifaceted foreign policy in order to implement its economic program. In this period, economic aspects of the relations with the Soviet Union and the Arabic countries gained more significance. In the Conclusion, the hypotheses of this study are evaluated, and it is concluded that long before 1964, in parallel with the general structural transformation, Turkey has begun to search for a multifaceted foreign policy and with the rise of the Cyprus problem in 1964 this process has acquired an official dimension and thus Turkey's transition to multifaceted foreign policy has been completed. 203