Teşvik kredilerinin yatırımları yönlendirmesindeki rolü ve kalkınmada öncelikli bölgelerde bir uygulama

Abstract

SUMMARY According to the researches so far industry have become dense in some centers in most countries.The density creates new economic and social problems.Neverthless it is difficult touse the current resources efficently.The major problems don't appear only in the under-developed regions.Because of economic conditions immigration from under developed regions to highly industrilized regions has become inevitable. Firstly our government has decided to minimize even eleminate the development level differences betwen the regions.For this reason the government has given priority to these regions in investments and monetary funds.But later on the aid given by the government to the private sector had an impact to improve the region.This financial aids have been provided by means of incentive credits. This financial aids are given in two different ways,direct and indirect.In all of the investmens,reducing of the cost of manufacturing and motivating the enterpreneur have been given much consideration. To serve this purpose bank credits are given for long term and at low interest rate. The aim of incentive credits is to reduce the regional disharmoni,unemployment and to enable the enterpreneurs to use the insufficent recourses efficently. These credits include direct and indirect aids. Tax exemptions are called indirect aids i.e. In our research we have observed the same examples in the E C counrtries.We noticed that there are some regulation in the E C. Both within the country and abroad samples of incentive credits and the areas that these credits are given to are divided among themselves into leading regions and subregions. While in our country these regions are labeled as first and second regions of priority in the E C countries these areas are called with the names of objective 1,2,3,4,5. The distribution of incentive credits was conducted by DESIYAB. Later on its name has been changed as Turkey Development Bank of Turkey. In European countries this mission is carried out by Eurepean Investment Bank. Comparing to other credits the rate of interest on this loan is comperatively low. In this way,while the investors are intvesting their capital in the region they contribute to the improvement of the region. Although the government tries hard to attract the private sector to these areas. It hasn't achived a satisfactory result yet.If some stateowned institutions help these areas it will be beneifciary. The Chamber of Commercç should be admitted into incentive regulations. Neverthless the tranference of some organizations such as National Productivity Center, State Irrigation Agency, Village Affairs Agency,State Highway Agency and Turkis Radio and Television Agency will contribute to the development of the area.The investment policy of the government should be put into practice as soon as possible. At the end of the 1999 `incentive credits` both in Turkey and Europe will be reduced to a minumum level.Because of this situation in the latest four years should be benefited from carrefuly. The subsidiary goods of domestic product should be given priority. These kind of products should be produced within the country. After the Customs Union Agreement the current situation should be evaluated carefuly. Incentive credits should be distrubuted without delay to put on end to the immigration from east to west.When the incentive credits are put into practice.The economy of the regions will be animated. After the satisfactory results of investments have been taken,it will add positive contribution to the economy of the country positively. With the acceleration of incentive credits the private sector will trasport its investments to this areas.In this way the differences between the regions will be eliminated. Social problems in the area will be lessened to such extend. According to State Plaanning Organization datas, the people who have been living in this regions have less per-capital income comparing to those who live in the cities.The economy of the less developed region should be improved until the year 2000. But regulations should be brought into including Commercial Chambers and Profesional Organizations. We believe that considering the suggestions of the Local Trade Chambers, new arrangement of this improvement should be put into practice with these arrangements.Most of the unwanted examples in the past will be put on end.