Bergama`da turizm ve sosyo-ekonomik etkileri

Abstract

ABSTRACT TORİSM IN BERGAMA AND ITS SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS The subjects of tourist activities in Bergama and the socio-economic impacts of tourism have been primarily treated in this doctorate study titled above. Apart from writing about the impacts of tourism; the population, economic situation and settlemen characteristics of Bergama have been searched in detail. The development of tourism in Bergama results from the famous historical heritage and cultural riches. Cultural tourism is predominant in Bergama today. The majority of tourists ( %82) have come with daily excursions. They visit the Bergama Museum, the ruins (Akropol, Asklepion, Kızılavlu/ Redhall) and finally leave the town within sevaral hours without accomodation. This is the most significant problem of tourism in Bergama. Therefore, the main purpose of the doctoral study is to deal with the folloving subjects. Natural resources and the cultural values, demography, the characteristics of settlement. All these topics enable Bergama to be center of tourist attractions. The fact that the natural and cultural riches, the demographic position, the characteristics of settlement and the economy are supposed to be suitable for tourism, has been pointed out within the context. Tourism in Bergama serves as an opportunity for different cultures of various countries to encounter. Obviously, this is the most important social impacts of the Bergama tourism. The socio-economic impact of tourism has not yet reached a distinctive level, mainly because of a major tourist profile coming to Bergama for daily tours but not overnigt visits. This process unfortunately keeps the avarage income from tourists at a low level. On the contrary, an increasing effort in the trade of tourism 319inanmaktadır. Buna karşın, otel-pansiyon işletmeciliğinin arttığı, hediyelik eşya satan mağazalarının turizme yönelik geliştiği konusunda halk görüş birliği içindedir. Bergama'da halk ile turistin çok az ya da hiç karşılaşmaması halkın turist ve turizm hakkındaki görüşlerinin netleşmesini engellemektedir. Bergama yıllardır turizm ile içice olmasına rağmen, turist ile ilişkiler halen turizmin başlangıç aşamasındaki ilişkileri hatırlatmaktadır. Turistle yeterli iletişim kuramayan ve turizmden yeterli kazancı elde edemeyen yerli halk, zaman zaman turiste olumsuz gözle bakabilmektedir. Özellikle yaşlılar ve öğrenim düzeyi düşük olanlarda bu yöndeki görüş daha belirginleşmektedir. Kırsal turizm, yayla turizmi, gençlik turizmi, kamp-karavan turizmi ve termal turizm gibi turizm türleri için potansiyeli yüksek olan Bergama'da sadece kültür turizminin bir yönü (günübirlik ziyaret) gerçekleşmekte, o nedenle turizmin etkilerinin ortaya çıkması zaman almaktadır. Bu etkilerin belirlenmesi için belirli zaman aralıklarında araştırmaların tekrarlanması gerekmektedir. 318

ABSTRACT TORİSM IN BERGAMA AND ITS SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS The subjects of tourist activities in Bergama and the socio-economic impacts of tourism have been primarily treated in this doctorate study titled above. Apart from writing about the impacts of tourism; the population, economic situation and settlemen characteristics of Bergama have been searched in detail. The development of tourism in Bergama results from the famous historical heritage and cultural riches. Cultural tourism is predominant in Bergama today. The majority of tourists ( %82) have come with daily excursions. They visit the Bergama Museum, the ruins (Akropol, Asklepion, Kızılavlu/ Redhall) and finally leave the town within sevaral hours without accomodation. This is the most significant problem of tourism in Bergama. Therefore, the main purpose of the doctoral study is to deal with the folloving subjects. Natural resources and the cultural values, demography, the characteristics of settlement. All these topics enable Bergama to be center of tourist attractions. The fact that the natural and cultural riches, the demographic position, the characteristics of settlement and the economy are supposed to be suitable for tourism, has been pointed out within the context. Tourism in Bergama serves as an opportunity for different cultures of various countries to encounter. Obviously, this is the most important social impacts of the Bergama tourism. The socio-economic impact of tourism has not yet reached a distinctive level, mainly because of a major tourist profile coming to Bergama for daily tours but not overnigt visits. This process unfortunately keeps the avarage income from tourists at a low level. On the contrary, an increasing effort in the trade of tourism 319