Börülce (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) çeşitlerinde farklı ekim zamanlarının sulu ve kurak koşullarda verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisi

Abstract

iiiÖZETBu arastirma, Isparta ekolojisinde börülcenin (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) kuru vesulu kosullardaki en uygun çesit ve tohum ekim zamaninin belirlenmesi amaciylayapilmistir.Kuru ve sulu kosullarda Akkiz, Karnikara ve Sarigöbek olmak üzere üç börülceçesidi, bes farkli ekim zamaninda (15 Mayis, 30 Mayis, 15 Haziran, 30 Haziran ve15 Temmuz) denenmistir. Arastirma faktöryel düzenlemede tesadüf bloklari denemedesenine göre 4 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 30 bitki olacak sekilde kurulmustur.Son ekim zamaninda çesitler vejetasyon sürelerini tamamlayamadiklari için tanehasadi yapilamamistir.Arastirmada; dekara tane verimi (kg/da), bitkide tane verimi (g/bitki), dekarabiyolojik verim (kg/da), bitkideki bakla sayisi (adet/bitki), bakladaki tane sayisi(adet/bakla), bakla uzunlugu (cm), bakla eni (mm), gövde çapi (mm), dal sayisi(adet/bitki), 1000 tane agirligi (g) ve tanedeki protein orani (%) gibi parametrelerüzerinde durulmustur.Arastirma sonucunda en yüksek dekara tane verimi (213.0 kg/da) sulu kosullarda 30Mayis tohum ekim zamaninda Sarigöbek çesidinden elde edilmistir. Dekara biyolojikverim ise uygulamalara göre 132.7-396.4 kg/da arasinda degismistir.Uygulamalara göre bitkideki bakla sayisi 3.8-33.4 adet/bitki; bakladaki tane sayisiise 5.9-11.1 adet/bakla arasinda degismistir. Sirasiyla bakla uzunlugu, bakla eni ve1000 tane agirliklari uygulamalara göre 10.97-18.47 cm, 5.05-8.78 mm, 125.54-215.25 g arasinda tespit edilmistir.Bitki gövde çaplari farkli uygulamalara göre 5.9-10.8 mm arasinda degisimgösterirken; bitkideki dal sayisi 6.4-11.1 adet/bitki arasinda degismistir. Arastirmadatanedeki % protein orani 29.32-41.79 arasinda oldugu saptanmistir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Börülce, ekim zamani, çesit, kuru tarim, sulu tarim

ivABSTRACTThis study was conducted in Isparta ecologycal conditions for determining the mostfavourable sowing times of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) cultivars in aridand irrigated conditions.In arid and irrigated conditions three cowpea cultivars; Akkiz, Karnikara andSarigöbek, five different sowing times (15 May, 30 May, 15 June, 30 June and 15July) were used. Field trials were designed in complete randomized blocks with fourreplications and 30 plants in each replication.In the last sowing time, cowpea cultivars were not able to complete their vegetationperiods so their seed harvest was not realized.In this research the following plant characteristics were determined; seed yield perdecare (kg/da), seed yield per plant (g/plant), biological yield per decare (kg/da),pod per plant (number/plant), seed number per pod (number/pod), pod length (cm),pod width (mm), stem diameter (mm), number of primary branch (number/plant),1000 seed weight (g) and seed protein ratio (%)In the result of this study the highest seed yield per decare (213.0 kg/da) wasobtained in Sarigöbek cultivar at 30 May sowing time and in irrigated conditions.Biological yield per decare varied between 132.7-396.4 kg/da.Pod number per plant were varied between 3.8 and 33.4 number/plant; seed numberper pod ranging from 5.9 to 11.1 number/pod. Pod length, pod width and 1000 seedweight were changed between 10.97-18.47 cm, 5.05-8.78 mm, 125.54-215.25 grespectively.Plant stem diameter was between 5.9 and 10.8 mm; number of primary branch inplant changed from 6.4 to 11.1 number/plant. In this study, seed protein ratio % wasfound between 29.32 and 41.79.Keywords: Cowpea, sowing time, cultivar, arid agriculture, irrigated agriculture