6360 sayılı yasa kapsamındaki değişiklikler ve Yikob - İl özel idaresi karşılaştırması

Abstract

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca kentlerin büyümesi beraberinde bir takım sorun ve ihtiyaçları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Merkezi yönetimlerce aşılamayan sorunların çözümü amacıyla önce yerel yönetim kavramı ortaya çıkmış ve kamu yönetimi literatürüne girmiştir. Zamanla yerel yönetimlerin nasıl daha verimli hale geleceği, daha da güçlendirilmesinin gerekip gerekmediği gibi konular tartışılmıştır.Türkiye'de yerel yönetimlerle ilgili çeşitli sınıflandırmalar mevcuttur. Son olarak 1982 Anayasası'nın `Kanun, büyük yerleşim merkezleri için özel yönetim biçimleri getirebilir` hükmüne istinaden hayatımıza giren büyükşehir belediyeleri de bu sınıflandırmalardan biridir. 6360 sayılı Kanun 2014'te hayatımıza girene dek 16 olan büyükşehir belediyesi sayısı 30'a yükseldi. Bununla beraber bu 30 ilde var olan il özel idareleri kapatıldı ve yatırım izleme ve koordinasyon başkanlıkları (YİKOB) kuruldu.Bu çalışmada amaç, 6360 sayılı Kanun ile meydana gelen değişiklikleri açıklamak, il özel idareleri ve YİKOB'ları inceleyip karşılaştırmaktır. Bu sayede YİKOB'ların eksikliklerinin tespiti ve bunlara yönelik çözüm önerilerinde bulunmak hedeflenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Büyükşehir Belediyesi, İl Özel İdaresi, YİKOB, 6360 Sayılı Kanun.

The growth of cities throughout the history of humanity has brought with it a number of problems and needs. In order to solve the problems that cannot be overcome by central administrations, the concept of local government first emerged and entered the public administration literature. Over time, issues such as how local governments will become more efficient and whether they need to be further strengthened are discussed.In Turkey, there are various classifications related to local governments. Finally, the metropolitan municipalities that entered our lives under the provision of the 1982 Constitution, `The Law may bring special forms of administration for large settlements,` is one of these classifications. The number of metropolitan municipalities, which was 16 until the Law No. 6360 entered our lives in 2014, increased to 30. In addition, special provincial administrations in these 30 provinces were closed and investment monitoring and coordination departments (YIKOB) were established.The aim of this study is to explain the changes occurring with the Law No. 6360, to examine and compare special provincial administrations and YIKOBs. In this way, it is aimed to detect the shortcomings of YIKOBs and make suggestions for solutions.Keywords: Metropolitan Municipality, Special Provincial Administration, YIKOB, Law No. 6360.The growth of cities throughout the history of humanity has brought with it a number of problems and needs. In order to solve the problems that cannot be overcome by central administrations, the concept of local government first emerged and entered the public administration literature. Over time, issues such as how local governments will become more efficient and whether they need to be further strengthened are discussed.In Turkey, there are various classifications related to local governments. Finally, the metropolitan municipalities that entered our lives under the provision of the 1982 Constitution, `The Law may bring special forms of administration for large settlements,` is one of these classifications. The number of metropolitan municipalities, which was 16 until the Law No. 6360 entered our lives in 2014, increased to 30. In addition, special provincial administrations in these 30 provinces were closed and investment monitoring and coordination departments (YIKOB) were established.The aim of this study is to explain the changes occurring with the Law No. 6360, to examine and compare special provincial administrations and YIKOBs. In this way, it is aimed to detect the shortcomings of YIKOBs and make suggestions for solutions.Keywords: Metropolitan Municipality, Special Provincial Administration, YIKOB, Law No. 6360.