Sanatta bireysellik

Abstract

INDIVIDUALISM IF ART Art is a fact, probably as old as religion is, that has come into existence with man. It is an activity that is particular to man and that the individual performs on his own. A work of art is born directly in the human consciousness, gains meaning, develops by conjoining with the culture of the society and of the time that it resides in, and thus is generated as a result of a long, complex and conflicting creating process. Art has two- aspects; one of content and one of figure. Since there is no dividing line between these two, cross-overs occur among content and figure, in the process of creation. Everything in a work of art is `figure`. There is a lattent poetic meaning, something that will come to life in every component of this `fi gure`; so at the some time everything is `content`. Art, human and society are an intersecting whole and are both independent from and continovsly influencing each other. The idealist view considers art as God's gift or as unconscious wisdom and reduces existence to intelligence. Dialectic thinking, on the other hand, dissents this thesis and claims that art is portraying the truth as artistic images and conceiving and repre- serting the world aestheticaly by social consciousness and human labor.The idealistic view abstracts the individual from the society and sees him facing against it. It proposes methods of reconci- lation between the individual and society. The dialectic thin king, however, assumes the individual in union with the society and says that neither the individual can exist withont the society, nor vica versa; there is no conflict between them. The struggle in the society is an outcome of the conflict of the classes. ¥hen a classless society is attained, this struggle ends. As a third view, ^individualism considers the individual as the main reality. It looks at the universe and universal facts from the perspective of the individual. It abstracts the concrete whole, reduces it tho individual platform and studies it in an individualistic manner. The individual is external to the society which is made up of men, is free, and is completly inde pendent in his behaviors and is using his rights. according to existentialism, man has created his existence by himself. Man is existent in the beginning, the essence fallows later. For he creates his essence himself by joining in the world, fighting, and suffering. Some like the Sophists and Socrates have proposed that man should obey the norms that impese on him authority like divinity, tradi tion and morality nat dogmatically but through the questionning of reason.In the 18 Century, John Lock founded the British Enlightenment and pioneered `The englightenment of man by his own mind and views`. An artist should observe the external world freely, interpret objects through perception and conception, and eventwully gene rate the aesthitical object (the work of art). 'The artist makes an interpretation of existence depending on the perspective from which he sees the world. Similarly, interpreta- tion of existence also depends on the period of time. In individualism in art, the individual characteristic is a thorough nand unique individualization by the artist. Individual charactheristics in artxstic creation covers the world view and character, the honesty and wisdom, the understanding and matu rity, and the experience and competence, as well as the personal properties of the artist. The subjectivity of the artistic comprehension of the world is planted in the works of each artist uniguely; more other than the artist himself can do. The quality of what art communicates, depends on the personality of the artist more than anyting else. Constituting his persona lity, the specifications of the artist is the basis of the creative activity.Since a work of art is a projection of the artist who created it, the artist is irreplacalde.