Selçuklular devrinde askeri teşkilat

Abstract

SUMMARY ? The Selcukqs army, was generally dividing in two main parts. One of them, the soldiers with ikta, and the others with salary-one called as ghulam. Although the ghulams were very few, according to the others, they were very effective in army, with their loyality to the sultan and good relations with the palace entourage. In addition to these main parts, when they need, they can find some other forces under the name of reinforcement. The institution which was responsible for the Selcuqs army affairs has been called as Divan-x Arz and it's equal to today's Ministry of National Defence. The law affairs in the army have been considered by army judge. The Sultan who was the head of the State, at the same time was the chief commander of the Selcuqs army. But 191there was another commander in chief, was responsible for tecnical dispdtehirig and directing of the army Separetely, there was some clerks as Hacib, Emir-i Meclis, Emir-i Ahur, Candar and Çavuş-Serheng who have duties in the palace organization also have military duties. It shows that, The Selcuqs palace organization and military organization have become mixed each other. The Selcuqs who have step culture origin, have been used some old war tactics like Turan tactic. Beside this, they used some other tactics which is called pentagonal system including, mukaddeme, kalb,meysere,meymene and saka. More over. The Selcuq army could have been used all of the contemporary war guns and other equipments in the best way. The Selçuk army which were mainly consist I I '.., ? v. < ?,.. < 192of light cavalres, there fore have been preferred light guns and equipments. Because of this, they didn't use to carry, the heavy besieging guns with them, so, when they need them, they were- producing during tftie wars. Another speciality of the Selcuq army is, after having conquered a place that they begin to improve there soon. After that, they used to appoint same claries like judges and imams, and put the social system in order. As a result, it can be understood that, the Selcuq army was very well organized and worked institution. 193