XX. yüzyılda manzara anlayışı

Abstract

SUMMARY Ever since mankind existed on earth he has had an interest on every aspect of nature. Being part of nature; observation opened the doors of sensation to all artists. Improvements in agriculture made man rule the nature and also make remarks. Examining the secrets of nature very carefully, learning its laws of formation and creating similar ones. Racing with nature brought out a new reality in painting. Fauvism is an early 20th C. liberating movement in France. The artists sought to achieve expression by a violent effort to paint nature not with formal imitation but in purely pictorical intelligence and with eyes of sensational waves. Cubism breaks the rule of Naturalism. It brings continuity of the motion and points paints simplified abstract compositions still further removed from naturel appearances and were including materials. Further more nature will never be seen. Modern man's life will gradually diminishes away from nature, asa result nature can not be seen at all. Dadaism which spread through Europe after the first world war carried rejection of traditional moral and aesthetic values to the point of nihilism and absurditiy, but its advocation of freedom and spontaneity in artistic creation opened the way for new modes of expression. Surrealism's aim is to liberate into creative art the image forming powers of anconscious and trascend reality as it is concieved by day to day intelligence. After the second world war Abstract Expressionism dominated the European Art. In the fallowing years of 1980 the New Expressionism with the dynamic and dramatic subjects in traditional way of painting with symbols of life and death and other opposites, again took place in the wold of art. After 1960 the Advangard thoughts that created Cubism, Dadaism, Constructivism and Abstract Art reveal their samples in American Art. Conceptional Art brought ` creative thought` forward. The beginning of Pop Art pointed out the connection between mankind and cominication objects. The second half was about Environment. As painting on canvas was continuous ; environmental works, measured distance and variety. Therefore the duty and the reason of human existence on this blue planet was changed. So variety of thoughts should be developed. We must not only take human beings but the whole nature to the center. We have to remember that we share the whole planet with others otherwise we will be diminished. KEY WORDS: 20th Century, Painting, Nature, Human, Environment. IV '