İlkokul çocuklarında görülen kazalara sosyoekonomik-kültürel faktörlerin etkisi (Epidemiyolojik bir araştırma)

Abstract

- 127 - In the study, the general accident rate for 1984 was found to be 16.4% and for 1985 it was 28.9%, showing difference of high statis tical significance between the two years. In both years, falls were found to be the most frequent and poisonings the least frequent acci dents encountered by the school children. In 1984, the rate for fall accidents was 7.1%, for cuts and burns 5.8% each, for collisions and traffic accidents 4% each, and for poisonings 3.2%. In 1985, these rates were found to be 13.8% for falls, 10.6% for cuts, 9.9% for burns, 8.5% for collisions, 4.2% for traffic accidents, and 3.1% for poisonings. The rates for falls, cuts, burns and collisions were found to have increased significantly in 1985 as compared with the 1984 rates. In the general picture, boys were found to have been more involved in accidents than girls in both years with significant inter- age accident rate differences. The rates were highest at age 12 and lowest at age seven and showing a tendency to increase with age in both years. -. Rates for all types of `accidents considered- 'in this study were found to be significantly higher- in children- from the- dow socioeconomic ^and cultural level than in.-those from the. high 'socioeconomic and cultural level in both years. In this study, such variables as the agent, time and place of the occurrence of ther accident;' the childJ s activity, supervision and body part injured during the accident; medical consultation, hospitali zation and absenteeism from school after the accident; the end result of the accident, and the like, were considered in relation with the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Accordingly, statistically significant differences were observed between the two socio-economic groups in the agent in the case of collisions and traffic accidents; in place in the case of falls; in time in the case of falls and collisions;in season in the case of burns;- 128 - in child's activity at the time of the accident in the case of burns and traffic accidents; in body part injured in the case of burns; and in storage of the poisoning agent in the case of poisonings. No differences of statistical significance were observed in the other variables between the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Instead, our study showed more accidents to be taking place in children from both socioeconomic-cultural levels at noon hours, in summer, at home and in the course of playing and while under less supervision. Generally, children were found to be falling from heights; sustaining out injuries from knife and glass; getting burnt with boiling liquids; colliding with objects at home and out of doors; sustaining traffic accidents from taxis; and getting poisoned with drugs. All these herald the need for continued education on child safety to the child himself, his parents and the general public, as one way of minimizing the occurrence of such accidents. Engineering and legislation are other areas of concern that should intervene in the effort to alter the current accident situation. The marked differences in accident rates. observed between the low and high socioecomonic-cultural levels arev hopefullyy liable to narrowing,. subsequent ta the rise. in socioeconomic advantagea. of. the former class in the years ahead. Further research work on this topic in felt to be a necessity, and comparing-, the results^ with- our findings would, unquestionably, help in understanding the problem. of childhood accidents more.- 127 - In the study, the general accident rate for 1984 was found to be 16.4% and for 1985 it was 28.9%, showing difference of high statis tical significance between the two years. In both years, falls were found to be the most frequent and poisonings the least frequent acci dents encountered by the school children. In 1984, the rate for fall accidents was 7.1%, for cuts and burns 5.8% each, for collisions and traffic accidents 4% each, and for poisonings 3.2%. In 1985, these rates were found to be 13.8% for falls, 10.6% for cuts, 9.9% for burns, 8.5% for collisions, 4.2% for traffic accidents, and 3.1% for poisonings. The rates for falls, cuts, burns and collisions were found to have increased significantly in 1985 as compared with the 1984 rates. In the general picture, boys were found to have been more involved in accidents than girls in both years with significant inter- age accident rate differences. The rates were highest at age 12 and lowest at age seven and showing a tendency to increase with age in both years. -. Rates for all types of `accidents considered- 'in this study were found to be significantly higher- in children- from the- dow socioeconomic ^and cultural level than in.-those from the. high 'socioeconomic and cultural level in both years. In this study, such variables as the agent, time and place of the occurrence of ther accident;' the childJ s activity, supervision and body part injured during the accident; medical consultation, hospitali zation and absenteeism from school after the accident; the end result of the accident, and the like, were considered in relation with the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Accordingly, statistically significant differences were observed between the two socio-economic groups in the agent in the case of collisions and traffic accidents; in place in the case of falls; in time in the case of falls and collisions;in season in the case of burns;

- 128 - in child's activity at the time of the accident in the case of burns and traffic accidents; in body part injured in the case of burns; and in storage of the poisoning agent in the case of poisonings. No differences of statistical significance were observed in the other variables between the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Instead, our study showed more accidents to be taking place in children from both socioeconomic-cultural levels at noon hours, in summer, at home and in the course of playing and while under less supervision. Generally, children were found to be falling from heights; sustaining out injuries from knife and glass; getting burnt with boiling liquids; colliding with objects at home and out of doors; sustaining traffic accidents from taxis; and getting poisoned with drugs. All these herald the need for continued education on child safety to the child himself, his parents and the general public, as one way of minimizing the occurrence of such accidents. Engineering and legislation are other areas of concern that should intervene in the effort to alter the current accident situation. The marked differences in accident rates. observed between the low and high socioecomonic-cultural levels arev hopefullyy liable to narrowing,. subsequent ta the rise. in socioeconomic advantagea. of. the former class in the years ahead. Further research work on this topic in felt to be a necessity, and comparing-, the results^ with- our findings would, unquestionably, help in understanding the problem. of childhood accidents more.- 127 - In the study, the general accident rate for 1984 was found to be 16.4% and for 1985 it was 28.9%, showing difference of high statis tical significance between the two years. In both years, falls were found to be the most frequent and poisonings the least frequent acci dents encountered by the school children. In 1984, the rate for fall accidents was 7.1%, for cuts and burns 5.8% each, for collisions and traffic accidents 4% each, and for poisonings 3.2%. In 1985, these rates were found to be 13.8% for falls, 10.6% for cuts, 9.9% for burns, 8.5% for collisions, 4.2% for traffic accidents, and 3.1% for poisonings. The rates for falls, cuts, burns and collisions were found to have increased significantly in 1985 as compared with the 1984 rates. In the general picture, boys were found to have been more involved in accidents than girls in both years with significant inter- age accident rate differences. The rates were highest at age 12 and lowest at age seven and showing a tendency to increase with age in both years. -. Rates for all types of `accidents considered- 'in this study were found to be significantly higher- in children- from the- dow socioeconomic ^and cultural level than in.-those from the. high 'socioeconomic and cultural level in both years. In this study, such variables as the agent, time and place of the occurrence of ther accident;' the childJ s activity, supervision and body part injured during the accident; medical consultation, hospitali zation and absenteeism from school after the accident; the end result of the accident, and the like, were considered in relation with the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Accordingly, statistically significant differences were observed between the two socio-economic groups in the agent in the case of collisions and traffic accidents; in place in the case of falls; in time in the case of falls and collisions;in season in the case of burns;- 128 - in child's activity at the time of the accident in the case of burns and traffic accidents; in body part injured in the case of burns; and in storage of the poisoning agent in the case of poisonings. No differences of statistical significance were observed in the other variables between the two socioeconomic-cultural levels. Instead, our study showed more accidents to be taking place in children from both socioeconomic-cultural levels at noon hours, in summer, at home and in the course of playing and while under less supervision. Generally, children were found to be falling from heights; sustaining out injuries from knife and glass; getting burnt with boiling liquids; colliding with objects at home and out of doors; sustaining traffic accidents from taxis; and getting poisoned with drugs. All these herald the need for continued education on child safety to the child himself, his parents and the general public, as one way of minimizing the occurrence of such accidents. Engineering and legislation are other areas of concern that should intervene in the effort to alter the current accident situation. The marked differences in accident rates. observed between the low and high socioecomonic-cultural levels arev hopefullyy liable to narrowing,. subsequent ta the rise. in socioeconomic advantagea. of. the former class in the years ahead. Further research work on this topic in felt to be a necessity, and comparing-, the results^ with- our findings would, unquestionably, help in understanding the problem. of childhood accidents more.