İstanbul ili Halkalı yöresindeki kadınların gebelik ve doğuma ilişkin geleneksel inanç ve uygulamaları

Abstract

7, ö Z ET Sağlık, toplumsal çevreden etkilenen bir olgudur. Bu yüzden toplumsal kültür, sağlığın dinamik etkeni olarak görülmektedir. Halkımızın kültüründen kaynaklanan geleneksel tıp uygulamaları oldukça zengindir. Bu uygulamaların bilinmesi ve tanınması, yararlı olanların desteklenmesi, zararlı olanların düzeltilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Toplumun sağlık kültürünün öğrenilmesi, etkin sağlık eğitimi ve temel sağlık hizmeti sunulmasında, en büyük görev sağlık ekibine ve özellikle hemşireye düşmektedir. Çalışmamız, kadınlarımızın, gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonrası dönemine ilişkin geleneksel inanç ve uygulamalarının saptanması amacıyla planlanmıştır. Halkalı ve yöresinde oturan, ileri yaşlarda, çok doğum yapmış, sosyo-kültürel durumu düşük, bölgeye yakın yıllarda göç etmiş yüz denek materyelimizi oluşturmuştur. Kadınların demografik özellikleri jinekolojik ve obstetrik anam- nezi, gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonrası dönemlerine ilişkin geleneksel inanç ve uygulamaları ile ilgili veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Deneklerimiz genellikle 35 ve üzeri yaş grubunda ve okuma-yazma oranı düşüktür. Toplum sağlık düzeyini olumsuz etkileyen gebelik, doğum ve düşük oranının yüksekliği, erken evlenme gibi özelliklere sahip olan deneklerimizin büyük çoğunluğu evde, sağlıksız koşullarda ve ehil olmayan kişilerce doğurtulduğu saptanmıştır.8- 82 - These women usually prefer to go to a hospital or to other health institutions when they are faced with dystocia and post-partum hemorrhage; however, they usually don't tend to go to such an institution, when they have some problems about pregnancy, nausea, vomit, hemorrhage, edema and eating foreign substances and labor and retained placen ta, usually, they try to treat themselves by the help of tra ditional applications. We have concluded that. there is not a relationship between women's superstitions and applications and their age, educational level and place from where they have emirgrated. The reason of this conclusion is that these women are old, their educational level is low and they emigrated from dif ferent regions.

8. S UM M A R Y Health is a concept which is affected by social en vironment; therefore social culture is considered as a dynamic factor of health. Traditional medical applications, which are originated from the social culture of our society, are quite rich. It is very important to know these applica tions In order to support those that are useful and to cor rect that are harmful. The most important role in giving an effective education on health and a basic health service is the role of health-workers and especially of nurses. Our study is planned in order to determine womans traditional superstitions and applications concerning preg nancy, labor and abortion. 100 subject living in Halkalı and it's environment consisted our material, they are old women who gave birth to a lot of children and emigrated to the region in recent years. We evaluated the data which are concerned with women's demographic characteristics, gynecologic and obs tetric history, and their superstitions and applications related with pregnancy, labor and puerperium. Our subjects were usually women were older than 35 and illiterate. These women have usually some characteristics that affect health negatively. These characteristics are early marriages and a lot of pregnancy and miscarriage. Majority of these women usually had been assisted at child birth by unskilled person in unhealthy conditions at their home.- 82 - These women usually prefer to go to a hospital or to other health institutions when they are faced with dystocia and post-partum hemorrhage; however, they usually don't tend to go to such an institution, when they have some problems about pregnancy, nausea, vomit, hemorrhage, edema and eating foreign substances and labor and retained placen ta, usually, they try to treat themselves by the help of tra ditional applications. We have concluded that. there is not a relationship between women's superstitions and applications and their age, educational level and place from where they have emirgrated. The reason of this conclusion is that these women are old, their educational level is low and they emigrated from dif ferent regions.