Muş ilinde, koyunlarda Brucellosis`in sero-prevalansının Rose Bengal Plate Test (R.B.P.T.), Serum Tüp Aglutinasyon (S.A.T.) rivanol test (R.T.)ve immunosorbant assay (ELİSA) ile saptanması

Abstract

SUMMARY 1. This study was undertaken to emphasise how important it is to measure the prevalence of Brucellosis. It was aimed to find out the prevalence of Brucellosis amongst the very high sheep population in the Muş province of Eastern Anatolia in 1993. Another aim of this study was to compare ELISA with conventional tests (Rose Bengal Plate Test, Serum Agglutination Test and Rivanol Test). 2. 300 blood samples were taken by random sampling method from 20 villages. In every village samples were taken from 2-4 herds. In total blood from 47 herds was collected. 3. In addition to blood sampling herd owners were asked such questions as the size of herd, the age of the animals, if there had been any abortions - and early deaths - in previous years and the year in which the study was undertaken, if there had been abortions then how many and how many infertile animals there were. Other questions were about feeding, milk yields, monitoring and if and when the animals had been vaccinated against Brucellosis. This study showed that the abortion rate was quite high (between 2% and 20% per herd) 4. It was discovered that the prevalence of Brucellosis was 2.6% with the RBPT, 2% with SAT and RT, 7% with ELISA. Also it was discovered that the differences between ELISA and the conventional test results (as a group) were statistically important (PO.01). But the differences between each of the conventional tests were unimportant. 5. It was discovered that some of the seriologically positive animals were highland villages (eg Bonstankent, Altmova) which hadn't been properly vaccinated by government staff, some of the seriologically postitive animals were from villages which are close to the main road between Muş and Tatvan. 63enfeksiyonların komşu ülkelerden alınmasını kolaylaştırmaktadır. Muş ilinin, Hakkari ve Van gibi şuur illerinden metropol şehirlere ulaşan yol üzerinde olması ve komşu Diyarbakır iliyle yazlak-kışlak olarak tabir edilen hayvan hareketlerinin gerçekleşmesi nedeniyle Brucellosis'in prevalansı yüksek olmaktadır. 7. Yaylacılığın yaygın oluşu (son yıllarda askeri önlemlerden ötürü eskisi kadar yoğun olmamaktadır) hayvanların birbiriyle karışıp büyük sürüler oluşturması gibi etmenler hayvan hastalıklarının epidemiyolojisini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma ile Brucellosis'in prevalansı her bir testle farklı olarak saptandı, bu farklılık ELÎSA ve rutin testler (RBPT, SAT, RT) arasında istatistiki olarak önemli bulundu. Bu farklılık, ELİSA'nın diğerlerine oranla daha duyarlı olduğunu kanıtladı. Muş ili ve çevresinde Brucellosis'in prevalansının (%2-7) oldukça yüksek olduğu saptandı, bu yüksek oran yoğun ve kontrolsüz hayvan hareketlerine ve aşılamaların yeterince iyi yapılmamasına bağlandı. 6

SUMMARY 1. This study was undertaken to emphasise how important it is to measure the prevalence of Brucellosis. It was aimed to find out the prevalence of Brucellosis amongst the very high sheep population in the Muş province of Eastern Anatolia in 1993. Another aim of this study was to compare ELISA with conventional tests (Rose Bengal Plate Test, Serum Agglutination Test and Rivanol Test). 2. 300 blood samples were taken by random sampling method from 20 villages. In every village samples were taken from 2-4 herds. In total blood from 47 herds was collected. 3. In addition to blood sampling herd owners were asked such questions as the size of herd, the age of the animals, if there had been any abortions - and early deaths - in previous years and the year in which the study was undertaken, if there had been abortions then how many and how many infertile animals there were. Other questions were about feeding, milk yields, monitoring and if and when the animals had been vaccinated against Brucellosis. This study showed that the abortion rate was quite high (between 2% and 20% per herd) 4. It was discovered that the prevalence of Brucellosis was 2.6% with the RBPT, 2% with SAT and RT, 7% with ELISA. Also it was discovered that the differences between ELISA and the conventional test results (as a group) were statistically important (PO.01). But the differences between each of the conventional tests were unimportant. 5. It was discovered that some of the seriologically positive animals were highland villages (eg Bonstankent, Altmova) which hadn't been properly vaccinated by government staff, some of the seriologically postitive animals were from villages which are close to the main road between Muş and Tatvan. 636. Muş province is on the main road from Anakara to Hakkari (on Tiirkiye's eastern border). International animal movements between Iran, Iraq and Türkiye effect the animal population dynamics of the eastern region, which includes Muş province. Another kind of animal movement happens between Muş and its neighbouring provinces - especially Diyarbakır, where the climate is completely different (the summers are very hot and the winters are temperate). These differences make sheepherds move their animals between the two provinces at certain seasons. There is a third kind of animal movement which happens inside Muş province. There are six yaylas (yayla - high pasture), five of which are used for inside and outside movement. The sixth one is only for inside movement. These movements influence the epidemiology of the diseases, including Brucellosis. 7. The differences between conventional tests and the ELISA were found to be important. Results showed that ELISA is more sensitive than the conventional tests. In this study a different prevalence of Brucellosis has been found with each test. The differences between ELISA and the conventional methods (RBPT, SAT, RT) have been shown to be statistically important. This shows that ELISA is more sensitive than the others. In Muş province the prevalence of Brucellosis (2-7%) was quite high. The reasons for this high rate are thought to be extensive and uncontolled movement of animals plus unsuccessful vaccination. 64