Ratlarda deneysel hipotiroidi olaylarında klinik patolojik bulgular

Abstract

7. ÖZET Çalışmamızda ratlarda deneysel hipotiroidi oluşturarak canlı üzerinde klinik, fizyopatolojik değişimlerle beraber, başta tiroid bezi olmak üzerediğer bazı organlardaki makroskobik ve mikroskobik değişimleri inceledik. Bu amaçla 8-9 haftalık yaşta 50 adet Wistar Albino erkek rat kullanılmıştır. Bu ratlann 10 adedini kontrol grubu, 20'şer adedini de L ve II. Deney grubu oluşturmuştur. Birinci Deney grubundaki ratiara 30 ve 60 gün süre ile günlük 0.2mg/100g vücut ağırlığı dozda, ikinci Deney grubundaki ratiara yine 30 ve 60 gün süre ile günlük 0.4mg/100g vücut ağırlığı dozda Methimazol her gün vücut ağırlıkları tartılarak nasogastrik sonda yardımıyla gavage yöntemi ile oral olarak verilmiştir. Bu iki deney grubundaki hayvanlardan 15., 30., 45., 60. günlerde hormon düzeylerinin tayinleri için kuyruk venasından kan alınıp, 30. ve 60. günlerde her iki gruptan rastgele seçilen 10'ar adet rat etersülfirik ile ötanazi edilip nekropsileri yapılmıştır. Aynı şekilde kontrol grubunu oluşturan ratlann da hepsinden aynı amaçlar için 0., 15., 30., 45., ve 60. günlerde kan alınıp, 5 adedini 30. günde, 5 adedini de 60. günde etersülfirik ile ötanazi edilip nekropsileri yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, 0., 15., 30., 45. ve 60. günlerde alınan kan örneklerinde Serum Total T3 (TT3) ve Total T4 (TT4), TSH düzeyleri tayin edilmiştir. Her iki deney grubunda da, TS, T4 hormon düzeyleri Kontrol grubuna oranla düşmüş, TSH düzeyleri ise yükselmiştir. Deney süresince bütün gruplardaki ratlarda meydana gelen klinik bulgular kaydedilmiştir. Otuz ve altmışıncı günlerde ötanazi edilen ratlann sistemik nekropsileri yapılmıştır. Otopsi sırasında bütün organ ve dokulardaki değişimler kayıt edilmiştir. Vücut ağırlıkları, tiroid, karaciğer ve testis ağırlıkları da tartılarak değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Daha sonra mikroskopik muayene için tiroid, kalp, karaciğer, böbrek ve 47teslislerden uygun büyüklüklerde parçalar alınmıştır. Işık mikroskopu ile yapılan incelemelerde tiroid bezlerinde; her iki deney grubunda da farklı derecelerde olmak üzere follikül hücrelerinde difruz bir hiperplazi ve hipertrofînin şekillendiği ve aynı zamanda bu bezlerin ağırlıklarında kontrol grubuna oranla bir artışın meydana geldiği gözlenmiştir, ikinci Deney grubunda daha yoğun olmak üzere, her iki deney grubunda da kalpte; myokarttta kas hücrelerinin şiştiği, sarkoplazmalannda granüllü yapının şekillendiği ve çizgili yapının kaybolduğu izlenmiştir. Her iki deney grubunda da karaciğer dokularında yaygın paranşim dejenerasyonu ve yeryer de vakuoler dejenerasyon şekillenmiştir. Ağırlıklarında da Kontrol grubuna oranla artış saptanmıştır. Testis dokularında da mikroskopik bakıda I.Deney grubunda önemli bir değişiklik gözlenmemektedir. İkinci Deney grubunda germinal hücrelerde düzensizlik, sitoplazmalannda vakuolizasyonlar ve interstisyel bölgede ödem tespit edilmiştir. Dokularda tespit edilen makroskopik, mikroskopik ve fizyo-patolojik bu değişiklikler hipotiroidizmin canlı organizmasındaki geniş ve büyük önemini ortaya koymuştur.8. SUMMARY Clinico-pathological findings in Hypothyroidism cases of rats In our study, we have examined the microscopic and macroscopic changes on various organs especially thyroid by examination of clinical and physiologic changes of livings, by inducing hypothyroidism on rats. For this purpose, 8-9 weeks old 50 Wistar Albino male rats were used. Ten of these rats, were control group and each twenty of the rest were I. and II. experimental group. The daily dose of 0.2 mg/100g body weight Methimazole were given to rats in I. experimental group for 30 and 60 days and the daily dose of 0.4 mg./100g body weight Methimazole were given to rats in II. experimental group in 30 and 60 days by oral way with gavege method using a nasogastric catheter. And their bodyweight has been measured every day. Blood samples of these rats were taken from their tail vein in 30., 45., 60. days for determination of their hormone levels and in 30. and 60. days 10 animal selected from each experimental group randomly has been euthanised with sulphuricether and necropsies have been performed. Same with this, blood samples were taken from rats in the control group for the same purpose and 5 of them ere euthanised in 30. day and 5 of them were euthanised in 60. day with sulphuricether and necropsies has been done. Serum total T3 (TT 3) and Total T4 (TT 4), TSH levels were detected in blood samples taken on 0.,15., 30., 45., and 60. Day. In both experimental groups, T3, T4 hormone levels were lower compare to control group and TSH levels were higher. During the experiment period clinical symptoms were noted. Systemical necropsies of rats euthanised in 30. and 60. days were performed. All the changes on organs and tissues were noted during the autopsy. Body weights, thyroid, liver and testis weights measured and evaluated too. Later on samples were taken from thyroid, hearth liver and kidney. It 49

8. SUMMARY Clinico-pathological findings in Hypothyroidism cases of rats In our study, we have examined the microscopic and macroscopic changes on various organs especially thyroid by examination of clinical and physiologic changes of livings, by inducing hypothyroidism on rats. For this purpose, 8-9 weeks old 50 Wistar Albino male rats were used. Ten of these rats, were control group and each twenty of the rest were I. and II. experimental group. The daily dose of 0.2 mg/100g body weight Methimazole were given to rats in I. experimental group for 30 and 60 days and the daily dose of 0.4 mg./100g body weight Methimazole were given to rats in II. experimental group in 30 and 60 days by oral way with gavege method using a nasogastric catheter. And their bodyweight has been measured every day. Blood samples of these rats were taken from their tail vein in 30., 45., 60. days for determination of their hormone levels and in 30. and 60. days 10 animal selected from each experimental group randomly has been euthanised with sulphuricether and necropsies have been performed. Same with this, blood samples were taken from rats in the control group for the same purpose and 5 of them ere euthanised in 30. day and 5 of them were euthanised in 60. day with sulphuricether and necropsies has been done. Serum total T3 (TT 3) and Total T4 (TT 4), TSH levels were detected in blood samples taken on 0.,15., 30., 45., and 60. Day. In both experimental groups, T3, T4 hormone levels were lower compare to control group and TSH levels were higher. During the experiment period clinical symptoms were noted. Systemical necropsies of rats euthanised in 30. and 60. days were performed. All the changes on organs and tissues were noted during the autopsy. Body weights, thyroid, liver and testis weights measured and evaluated too. Later on samples were taken from thyroid, hearth liver and kidney. It 49was determined by light microscope in both experimental groups by that, diffuse hyperplasia and hypertrophia has formed on folliculi cells in different levels while weight of these organs have increased compare to control group. In both experimental groups, more in II experimental group, swollen muscle cells, and formation of granular structure in sarcoplasma and disappearing of striped structure has been observed. In both experimental groups, large parenchymal degeneration and local vacuolar degeneration in liver has formed. Increase in their weight has been determined compare to control group. In microscopic examination of testis tissues from I experimental group, no important changes have been observed. In II. experimental group germinal cells has been determined disorder while edema and vacuolisation has been determined in interstitial region. These macroscopic, microscopic and physiopathologic changes determined in tissues has proved the importance of hypothyroidism on living organism. 50