Mobil teknolojilerin üniversite toplumunun günlük yaşam alışkanlıklarına etkisinin mekansal analizi

Abstract

Mobil teknolojilerin insanların günlük yaşantısının bir parçası olması beraberinde birçok değişiklikler getirmiş ve insanların yaşam biçimleri, olaylara karşı tutumları ve algıları değişmiştir. Mobil cihazlar, insanları sadece sıradan bilgilerle değil, aynı zamanda mekânsal bilgi yönü itibariyle de zengin kılmıştır.Cep telefonlarının gelişerek akıllı telefon adı altında bilgisayar işleviyle hizmet vermesi toplumun çoğu kesimini etkilemiş, bazı kesimler için ise muhakkak sahip olunması gerekilen çok zaruri bir gereksinim olmuştur. Bilginin ivmeli olarak arttığı toplumumuzda, akıllı telefonlar hedef kitlenin öğrenme alışkamlıklarında önemli yeri olan çıktılardır. Aynı zamanda bu cihazlar toplum hayatını kolaylaştırıcı birçok yeni fikir ve daha önce mümkün olmayan alternatif çözümler sunmuştur. Birçok teknolojik yenilik gibi, akıllı telefonlarda değişik şartlarda topluma bazı olumsuzluklar verebilir. Ancak akıllı telefonlar kesinlikle insanların yaşam standartlarını olumlu yönde etkilemiştir.Cep telefonlarının toplumun geneli tarafından kullanılmaya başlamasından sonra yaygınlaşan tablet bilgisayarlar aslında yeni bir icat değildir, ancak ergonomik niteliğe ve yüksek bilgisayar işlevi özelliğine sahip tablet bilgisayarlar yakın zamanımızda üretilebilmiştir. Tablet bilgisayarlar da cep telefonları gibi, taşınabilir bir cihaz olması sebebiyle, insanların bilgisayara ihtiyaç duydukları birçok mecrada klasik bilgisayarlardan farklı olarak yeni perspektifler ortaya koymuştur. Mobil teknolojiler kapsamına giren bu cihazları, içinde farklı kategorileri barındıran toplumun nasıl algıladığı ve ne biçimde kullandığı merak konusudur. Bu tez çalışmasında bu konu üzerine çalışılmıştır. Hedef kesim, üniversite öğrencileri ve akademisyenlerdir. Bir anket çalışması uygulanıp sonuçları incelenmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Bazı veriler mekânsal olarak ArcGIS programında görselleştirilmiştir. Mekân bilgisi olarak ankete katılanların yaşadığı ilçelere karşılık gelen değerler kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, İstanbul'un farklı ilçelerinde yaşayan insanların mobil teknolojilere yaklaşımı göz önüne konulmuştur.Tez çalışmasında kişinin niteliğiyle mobil cihaz kullanımı arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Uygulanan ankette; mobil işletim sistemi tercihi, internete erişim sıklığı, kullanılan cihazlar, her bir cihazın ne amaçlarla kullanıldığı gibi sorular yöneltilmiştir. Toplumun; mobil teknolojilere dair görüşleri, mobil teknolojinin topluma sunduğu değerler hakkındaki yargıları sorulmuştur.Türkiyenin genelinde ve global bir çerçevede insanların mobil teknolojilere yönelik ilgisini ölçmek için 'Google trend' aracında sorgulamalar yapılmıştır.

Because the 'Mobile Technology' has become the essential part of the daily life human, it has effected people, so they think and act differently. Mobile technology has not enriched people with just common information but also it has provided some spatial perspective into the human mind.The smart phone, which has combined the function of the cell phone and the computer, has effected many part of the society and even it has become an absolute necessity for some people. The smart phone offers many great innovations and ideas for the society. But of course it is always possible by some people to experience some disadvantages for any technology. But in general, there is no doubt that, the smart phone has advanced the standards of living.The tablet computer, which has emerged later than the smart phone is actually not a new invention. But people just did not adopt the previous versions with insufficient abilities and non ergonomic characteristics. Because the tablet computer is a mobile device, it has brought many unique ideas where it is not possible for classical computers.So, what is the opinion of society regarding these mobile devices? How they perceive it? This master thesis has been conducted to get some answer for these questions. A survey study has been performed among the university students and academics. The data has been analyzed using both statistical and spatial methods and some results has been presented as visual maps.The pattern has been questioned between the characteristics of the individual and the mobile technology usage. Some questions were asked at the survey study, such as; the type of mobile operating system, the frequency of internet access rate, the devices which are being used and the intended of usage aim of every computer device. The thoughts of society were investigated regarding mobile technology.This study is divided into seven chapters, such as; 'Introduction', Mobile Technology', 'Spatial Approach', Survey Study', 'Data and Analysis', Google Trend Research', 'Results and Suggestions'. At the second chapter, the background of mobile technologies are explained and some important events are discussed regarding tablet computers and smart phones. Development process of tablet computers are discussed and the importance of some IT companies is highlighted regarding to create the modern tablet computers. regarding this topic, some preliminary studies and prototype devices are explained.Spatial approach is actually a big area and has many concepts related to human beings. In this thesis, the theories of spatial approaches is discussed and the meaning of some sub-concepts is explained. Because some map making systems are used at this thesis, Geographical Information Systems are explained. The importance of visual presentation and the importance of presenting the data as maps is discussed. The software systems and the essential inputs regarding to any Geographic Information Systems is explained.As mentioned earlier a survey study is conducted to provide data for this thesis. At the fourth chapter the survey study is explained in detail. The methodology of this survey study is discussed. Different techniques is used to be able to conduct the survey in a most efficient way. These study methodologies is explained and the outcomes regarding to conducting survey techniques is explained for guidance to any researcher who wish to conduct a survey.This survey was prepared as online form and so that the results are being able to transfer directly to MS Excel and ArcGIS rather than entering the data manually.At the fifth chapter the data that are obtained from the survey study is processed, analyzed and transferred to the meaningful results in visual and or text formats. Different techniques are used for analyzing the data. Some of the result of any question is presented directly or cross-analyses is conducted time to time to get the most convenient outcomes. The survey has conducted among university students and academic staff. So the conclusion that is achieved fro this survey should be considered within this parameter. The result must not generalize to the all society.Some personal information are acquired independently of use any mobile devices. So that mobile technology using behaviors are achieved depending to any personal variable. The participants are questioned if they are using any tablet computer or smart phone. Because the questions after these question are directly related to use of mobile devices, the survey study is terminated for any participant who answered no for that question. The /% 91 of the participants are using at least one mobile devices.The location data that participants specified as their living area is used at the analysis to reach the spatial based differences related mobile technology uses analysis. Also, the location data is the essential part of this survey study in order to be able to make maps or visual at this thesis.The information that participants specified as their academic level and academic discipline is used to assess the differentiation of mobile technology usage depend on these parameter. The analysis showed that the engineer students are the highest mobile technology users and the law students are the lowest mobile technology users. The middle level researchers uses mobile technology much more than any other participants. But this situation might also be related because of their generation and the shopping attitude of people who are thirties if we generalize that middle level researcher are mostly at thirties.Also gender information is used at the many analysis to see the effect of mobile technology usage based on gender parameter. It is found that male participants use tablet much more than female participants but they both use the smart phones at similar percentage.What people spend their time on mobile technologies and also on classical computers are questioned and some conclusions are reached based on mobile technology usage behaviors.Independently from this survey Google trend research is conducted to find the global trend regarding smart phones and tablet computers. This tool that Google provide free can be used to see the search trends in any area or globally.The smart phone, tablet and computer search information is questioned where the searches are made some specific countries.Because many people use Google search to buy smart phone and tablet computer, this is a great tool to find what people are looking for. So it can give the general idea about people's mobile technology usage.