Kur`an`da akıl ve akli tefsir hareketi

Abstract

SUMMARY Human being who Quran addressed is creature which owns reason. The reason often is expressed in the Quran. Quran encourages man to using of reasing and to think about all of the creatures and to forfeit it from imitation. Besides Quran regards reason as very importent, it sees it as means (instrument) and limited spoces that reason role over. Interpretation of Quran began in early ages. It was interpreted in early years of Islam with the method of `Rivayet/accounf. The elements of Rivayet Method are passages of Quran and hadiths (meditions) and utterances of Prophet's companions. Later interpretation is fulfilled with method of `Dirayet` (Reasoned Method). Because of Dirayet Method contains materyals of Rivayet interpretation, it is prefered to Rivayet Method. First representatives of reasonal interpretation is Mutezile School. According to them Quran must be interpreted with reason and confirming their `five prenciples'. One of most important men of this School is Zamahseri. He interpreted verses of Quran according to this method in his book `el-Keşşaf`. In our age Modernist commentatoss representives Rational interpretation. They are Cemaleddin Afganî, Muhammed Abduh, Mustafa Resid Rwza. According to them Quran is a book which adressed all of the places and times. In the other hand it is universal. Thus it be interpreted with the way that solves problems of the Islamic community. Nowadays Süleyman Ateş is also one of the members of this school in Turkey. Other group of this Modernist commentators was influenced from Western scholars. Their interpretation method is to destroy the meaning of verses and apply them according to Western Thougt. One of them is Sir Seyyid Ahmed Han.